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Volume 31 Issue 1
February 2016
    Citation: Yu Chen, Deyin Guo. Molecular mechanisms of coronavirus RNA capping and methylation .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2016, 31(1) : 3-11.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-016-3726-4
    shu

    Molecular mechanisms of coronavirus RNA capping and methylation

    • State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China

    • Corresponding author: Yu Chen, chenyu@whu.edu.cn, ORCID: 0000-0003-1300-4652
      Deyin Guo, dguo@whu.edu.cn, ORCID: 0000-0002-8297-0814
    • Received Date: 15 January 2016
      Accepted Date: 25 January 2016
      Published Date: 02 February 2016
      Available online: 01 February 2016
    • The 5′-cap structures of eukaryotic mRNAs are important for RNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, and protein translation. Many viruses have evolved mechanisms for generating their own cap structures with methylation at the N7 position of the capped guanine and the ribose 2′-Oposition of the first nucleotide, which help viral RNAs escape recognition by the host innate immune system. The RNA genomes of coronavirus were identified to have 5′-caps in the early 1980s. However, for decades the RNA capping mechanisms of coronaviruses remained unknown. Since 2003, the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has drawn increased attention and stimulated numerous studies on the molecular virology of coronaviruses. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms adopted by coronaviruses to produce the 5′- cap structure and methylation modification of viral genomic RNAs.
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      Molecular mechanisms of coronavirus RNA capping and methylation

        Corresponding author: Yu Chen, chenyu@whu.edu.cn
        Corresponding author: Deyin Guo, dguo@whu.edu.cn
      • State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
      • Received Date: 15 January 2016
      • Accepted Date: 25 January 2016
      • Published Date: 02 February 2016

      Abstract: The 5′-cap structures of eukaryotic mRNAs are important for RNA stability, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, and protein translation. Many viruses have evolved mechanisms for generating their own cap structures with methylation at the N7 position of the capped guanine and the ribose 2′-Oposition of the first nucleotide, which help viral RNAs escape recognition by the host innate immune system. The RNA genomes of coronavirus were identified to have 5′-caps in the early 1980s. However, for decades the RNA capping mechanisms of coronaviruses remained unknown. Since 2003, the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus has drawn increased attention and stimulated numerous studies on the molecular virology of coronaviruses. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms adopted by coronaviruses to produce the 5′- cap structure and methylation modification of viral genomic RNAs.

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