Immunogenicity of a recombinant VSV-Vectored SARS-CoV vaccine induced robust immunity in rhesus monkeys after single-dose immunization

Dan Shan; Xiaoyan Tang; Renqiang Liu; Dan Pan; Xijun Wang; Jinying Ge; Zhiyuan Wen; Zhigao Bu

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.002

April 2022

Citation: Dan Shan, Xiaoyan Tang, Renqiang Liu, Dan Pan, Xijun Wang, Jinying Ge, Zhiyuan Wen, Zhigao Bu. Immunogenicity of a recombinant VSV-Vectored SARS-CoV vaccine induced robust immunity in rhesus monkeys after single-dose immunization .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(2) : 248-255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.002

Immunogenicity of a recombinant VSV-Vectored SARS-CoV vaccine induced robust immunity in rhesus monkeys after single-dose immunization

Dan Shan ^a ,
Xiaoyan Tang ^a ,
Renqiang Liu ^a ,
Dan Pan ^a ,
Xijun Wang ^a ,
Jinying Ge ^a ,
Zhiyuan Wen ^{a
,,} ,
Zhigao Bu ^{a,b
,,}

a State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China
b Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China

Corresponding author: Zhiyuan Wen, wenzhiyuan@caas.cn
Zhigao Bu, buzhigao@caas.cn
Received Date: 23 February 2021
Accepted Date: 04 August 2021
Available online: 12 January 2022

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly contagious zoonotic disease caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Since its outbreak in Guangdong Province of China in 2002, SARS has caused 8096 infections and 774 deaths by December 31st, 2003. Although there have been no more SARS cases reported in human populations since 2004, the recent emergence of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) indicates the potential of the recurrence of SARS and other coronavirus disease among humans. Thus, developing a rapid response SARS vaccine to provide protection for human populations is still needed. Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV can induce neutralizing antibodies, which is a pivotal immunogenic antigen for vaccine development. Here we constructed a recombinant chimeric vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) VSVΔG-SARS, in which the glycoprotein (G) gene is replaced with the SARS-CoV S gene. VSVΔG-SARS maintains the bullet-like shape of the native VSV, with the heterogeneous S protein incorporated into its surface instead of G protein. The results of safety trials revealed that VSVΔG-SARS is safe and effective in mice at a dose of 1×10⁶ TCID₅₀. More importantly, only a single-dose immunization of 2×10⁷ TCID₅₀ can provide high-level neutralizing antibodies and robust T cell responses to non-human primate animal models. Thus, our data indicate that VSVΔG-SARS can be used as a rapid response vaccine candidate. Our study on the recombinant VSV-vectored SARS-CoV vaccines can accumulate experience and provide a foundation for the new coronavirus disease in the future.
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- , (SARS-CoV)
- , Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)

Electronic Supplementary Material

10.1016j.virs.2022.01.002-ESM1.docx

10.1016j.virs.2022.01.002-ESM2.xlsx
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