Nasal delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies protects mice from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants

Jia Lu; Qiangling Yin; Rongjuan Pei; Qiu Zhang; Yuanyuan Qu; Yongbing Pan; Lina Sun; Ding Gao; Cuiqin Liang; Jingwen Yang; Wei Wu; Jiandong Li; Zongqiang Cui; Zejun Wang; Xinguo Li; Dexin Li; Shiwen Wang; Kai Duan; Wuxiang Guan; Mifang Liang; Xiaoming Yang

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2022.02.005

April 2022

Citation: Jia Lu, Qiangling Yin, Rongjuan Pei, Qiu Zhang, Yuanyuan Qu, Yongbing Pan, Lina Sun, Ding Gao, Cuiqin Liang, Jingwen Yang, Wei Wu, Jiandong Li, Zongqiang Cui, Zejun Wang, Xinguo Li, Dexin Li, Shiwen Wang, Kai Duan, Wuxiang Guan, Mifang Liang, Xiaoming Yang. Nasal delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies protects mice from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(2) : 238-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.02.005

Nasal delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies protects mice from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants

Jia Lu ^a ,
Qiangling Yin ^b ,
Rongjuan Pei ^c,d ,
Qiu Zhang ^a ,
Yuanyuan Qu ^e ,
Yongbing Pan ^a ,
Lina Sun ^b ,
Ding Gao ^c ,
Cuiqin Liang ^c ,
Jingwen Yang ^c ,
Wei Wu ^b ,
Jiandong Li ^b ,
Zongqiang Cui ^c ,
Zejun Wang ^a ,
Xinguo Li ^a ,
Dexin Li ^b,d ,
Shiwen Wang ^b,d ,
Kai Duan ^a ,
Wuxiang Guan ^{c,d
,,} ,
Mifang Liang ^{b,d
,,} ,
Xiaoming Yang ^{a
,,}

a National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, 430070, China
b State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
c Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
d CDC-WIV Joint Research Center for Emerging Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan, 430071, China
e Institution of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518107, China

Corresponding author: Wuxiang Guan, guanwx@wh.iov.cn
Mifang Liang, liangmf@ivdc.chinacdc.cn
Xiaoming Yang, yangxiaoming@sinopharm.com
Received Date: 23 January 2022
Accepted Date: 16 February 2022
Available online: 18 February 2022

Abstract

Multiple new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have constantly emerged, as the delta and omicron variants, which have developed resistance to currently gained neutralizing antibodies. This highlights a critical need to discover new therapeutic agents to overcome the variants mutations. Despite the availability of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the use of broadly neutralizing antibodies has been considered as an alternative way for the prevention or treatment of SARS-CoV-2 variants infection. Here, we show that the nasal delivery of two previously characterized broadly neutralizing antibodies (F61 and H121) protected K18-hACE2 mice against lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 variants. The broadly protective efficacy of the F61 or F61/F121 cocktail antibodies was evaluated by lethal challenge with the wild strain (WIV04) and multiple variants, including beta (B.1.351), delta (B.1.617.2), and omicron (B.1.1.529) at 200 or 1000 TCID50, and the minimum antibody administration doses (5-1.25 mg/kg body weight) were also evaluated with delta and omicron challenge. Fully prophylactic protections were found in all challenged groups with both F61 and F61/H121 combination at the administration dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, and corresponding mice lung viral RNA showed negative, with almost all alveolar septa and cavities remaining normal. Furthermore, low-dose antibody treatment induced significant prophylactic protection against lethal challenge with delta and omicron variants, whereas the F61/H121 combination showed excellent results against omicron infection. Our findings indicated the potential use of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies as prophylactic and therapeutic agent for protection of current emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants infection.
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019)
- , Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- , (SARS-CoV-2)
- , Prophylactic protection
- , Omicron variant

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Nasal delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies protects mice from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants

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Nasal delivery of broadly neutralizing antibodies protects mice from lethal challenge with SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants

Corresponding author: Wuxiang Guan, guanwx@wh.iov.cn

Corresponding author: Mifang Liang, liangmf@ivdc.chinacdc.cn

Corresponding author: Xiaoming Yang, yangxiaoming@sinopharm.com

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