Citation: Anthony T. Tan, Joey Ming Er Lim, Antonio Bertoletti. Protection from infection or disease? Re-evaluating the broad immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(6) : 783-785.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.11.002

Protection from infection or disease? Re-evaluating the broad immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

  • Corresponding author: Antonio Bertoletti, antonio@duke-nus.edu.sg
  • Received Date: 19 October 2022
    Accepted Date: 04 November 2022
    Available online: 07 November 2022
  • How do we measure vaccine efficacy? The strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block infection. Indeed, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows that it will also prevent both disease development and viral transmission. As a consequence, antibodies, specifically neutralising antibodies, have been used as the “gold standard” correlate of protection to measure SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, given their ability to block infection. Since SARS-CoV-2 infects cells by the binding of its spike protein to the host ACE-2 receptor, a vaccine that is able to induce a large quantity of antibodies able to block the interaction between the ACE-2 receptor and spike protein should theoretically be highly efficacious. Given this “antibody-centric” method of evaluating of a vaccine, it is clear why spike mRNA vaccines have to date been regarded the most effective COVID-19 vaccine in the market.

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    Protection from infection or disease? Re-evaluating the broad immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

      Corresponding author: Antonio Bertoletti, antonio@duke-nus.edu.sg
    • a Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore;
    • b Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore, 138648, Singapore

    Abstract: How do we measure vaccine efficacy? The strictest but also easiest parameter to determine vaccine efficacy is its ability to block infection. Indeed, if a vaccine is able to block infection, this necessarily follows that it will also prevent both disease development and viral transmission. As a consequence, antibodies, specifically neutralising antibodies, have been used as the “gold standard” correlate of protection to measure SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy, given their ability to block infection. Since SARS-CoV-2 infects cells by the binding of its spike protein to the host ACE-2 receptor, a vaccine that is able to induce a large quantity of antibodies able to block the interaction between the ACE-2 receptor and spike protein should theoretically be highly efficacious. Given this “antibody-centric” method of evaluating of a vaccine, it is clear why spike mRNA vaccines have to date been regarded the most effective COVID-19 vaccine in the market.

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