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Volume 39 Issue 6
December 2024
    Citation: Siji Chen, Jiang Zhu, Chunting Hua, Chenxi Feng, Xia Wu, Can Zhou, Xianzhen Chen, Boya Zhang, Yaohan Xu, Zeyu Ma, Jianping He, Na Jin, Yinjing Song, Stijn van der Veen, Hao Cheng. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the diversity of the immunological landscape response to genital herpes .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 39(6) : 860-874.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2024.10.003
    shu

    Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the diversity of the immunological landscape response to genital herpes

    cstr: 32224.14.j.virs.2024.10.003

    • a. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;

    • b. Department of Microbiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China

    • Genital herpes (GH) is a common sexually transmitted disease, which is primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and continues to be a global health concern. Although our understanding of the alterations in immune cell populations and immunomodulation in GH patients is still limited, it is evident that systemic intrinsic immunity, innate immunity, and adaptive immunity play crucial roles during HSV-2 infection and GH reactivation. To investigate the mechanisms underlying HSV-2 infection and recurrence, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on immune cells isolated from the peripheral blood of both healthy individuals and patients with recurrent GH. Furthermore, the systemic immune response in patients with recurrent GH showed activation of classical monocytes, CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells (NK cells), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), especially of genes associated with the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and T cell activation. Circulating immune cells in GH patients show higher expression of genes associated with inflammation and antiviral responses both in the scRNA-Seq data set and in independent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and ELISA experiments. This study demonstrated that localized genital herpes, resulting from HSV reactivation, may influence the functionality of circulating immune cells, suggesting a potential avenue for future research into the role of systemic immunity during HSV infection and recurrence.
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      Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the diversity of the immunological landscape response to genital herpes

        Corresponding author: Yinjing Song, 3315023@zju.edu.cn
        Corresponding author: Stijn van der Veen, stijnvanderveen@zju.edu.cn
        Corresponding author: Hao Cheng, chenghao1@zju.edu.cn
      • a. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;
      • b. Department of Microbiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
      • Received Date: 22 April 2024
      • Accepted Date: 12 October 2024

      Abstract: Genital herpes (GH) is a common sexually transmitted disease, which is primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and continues to be a global health concern. Although our understanding of the alterations in immune cell populations and immunomodulation in GH patients is still limited, it is evident that systemic intrinsic immunity, innate immunity, and adaptive immunity play crucial roles during HSV-2 infection and GH reactivation. To investigate the mechanisms underlying HSV-2 infection and recurrence, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on immune cells isolated from the peripheral blood of both healthy individuals and patients with recurrent GH. Furthermore, the systemic immune response in patients with recurrent GH showed activation of classical monocytes, CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells (NK cells), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), especially of genes associated with the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and T cell activation. Circulating immune cells in GH patients show higher expression of genes associated with inflammation and antiviral responses both in the scRNA-Seq data set and in independent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and ELISA experiments. This study demonstrated that localized genital herpes, resulting from HSV reactivation, may influence the functionality of circulating immune cells, suggesting a potential avenue for future research into the role of systemic immunity during HSV infection and recurrence.

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