Ruibin Qi, Chunchun Meng, Jie Zhu, Hang Li, Qiuhong Miao, Jingyu Tang, Aoxing Tang, Hongyuan Guo, Chuncao Liu, Chuanfeng Li, Zongyan Chen, Fang Wang and Qinwen Zhang. The outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic virus type 2 in the interior of China may be related to imported semen[J]. Virologica Sinica, 2022, 37(4): 623-626. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.04.003
Citation: Ruibin Qi, Chunchun Meng, Jie Zhu, Hang Li, Qiuhong Miao, Jingyu Tang, Aoxing Tang, Hongyuan Guo, Chuncao Liu, Chuanfeng Li, Zongyan Chen, Fang Wang, Qinwen Zhang, Guangqing Liu. The outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic virus type 2 in the interior of China may be related to imported semen .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(4) : 623-626.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.04.003

我国新型兔瘟疫情的爆发可能与进口精液有关

  • 兔出血症病毒是一种对兔传染性强、致死率极高的病原。经典型兔瘟病毒主要对成年兔致病,对幼兔(4周以下)几乎没有致病性。自2010年以来,一种名为GI.2兔瘟病毒突变体在欧洲和澳大利亚开始爆发流行。该突变体对成年兔和幼兔都具有高度传染性和致病性。我国于2020年5月首次报道有GI.2兔瘟病毒的爆发。本研究通过血凝试验(HA)、透射电镜(TEM)和基因组测序鉴定出四川一兔场爆发的兔瘟是由GI.2兔瘟病毒引起,并命名为SC20-01。

The outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic virus type 2 in the interior of China may be related to imported semen

  • Highlights:
    1. We identified one RHD case caused by a new RHDV variant (GI.2) in China through HA, TEM, and genome sequencing.
    2. This is the first study to demonstrate that GI.2 can replicate efficiently in the reproductive system.
    3. Our evidence suggests that GI.2 might be introduced into China by contaminated rabbit semen.

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    5. Hall, R.N., Mahar, J.E., Haboury, S., Stevens, V., Holmes, E.C., Strive, T., 2015. Emerging rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (rhdvb), Australia. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 21, 2276–2278.

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    8. Le Gall-Reculé, G., Zwingelstein, F., Boucher, S., Le Normand, B., Plassiart, G., Portejoie, Y., Decors, A., Bertagnoli, S., Guérin, J.L., Marchandeau, S., 2011. Detection of a new variant of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in France. Vet. Rec. 168, 137–138.

    9. Liu, G., Zhang, Y., Ni, Z., Yun, T., Sheng, Z., Liang, H., Hua, J., Li, S., Du, Q., Chen, J., 2006. Recovery of infectious rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus from rabbits after direct inoculation with in vitro-transcribed rna. J. Virol. 80, 6597–6602.

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    11. Liu, W., Dang, R., Wang, X., 2015. Development of a sybr-based real-time pcr to detect rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) and analyze its tissue distribution in experimentally infected rabbits. Virol. Sin. 30, 228–230.

    12. Martin-Alonso, A., Martin-Carrillo, N., Garcia-Livia, K., Valladares, B., Foronda, P., 2016. Emerging rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (rhdv2) at the gates of the african continent. Infect. Genet. Evol. 44, 46–50.

    13. Mitro, S., Krauss, H., 1993. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease: a review with special reference to its epizootiology. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 9, 70–78.

    14. Moussa, A., Chasey, D., Lavazza, A., Capucci, L., Smíd, B., Meyers, G., Rossi, C., Thiel, H.J., Vlásak, R., Rønsholt, L., Nowotnyh, N., McCulloughi, K., GavierWiden, D., 1992. Haemorrhagic disease of lagomorphs: evidence for a calicivirus. Vet. Microbiol. 33, 375–381.

    15. Neimanis, A., Larsson Pettersson, U., Huang, N., Gavier-Widén, D., Strive, T., 2018. Elucidation of the pathology and tissue distribution of lagovirus europaeus gi.2/ rhdv2 (rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2) in young and adult rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). Vet. Res. 49, 46.

    16. Neimanis, A.S., Ahola, H., Zohari, S., Larsson Pettersson, U., Brojer, C., Capucci, L., Gavier-Widen, D., 2018. Arrival of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 to northern europe: emergence and outbreaks in wild and domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) in sweden. Transbound Emerg Dis 65, 213–220.

    17. Puggioni, G., Cavadini, P., Maestrale, C., Scivoli, R., Botti, G., Ligios, C., Le GallReculé, G., Lavazza, A., Capucci, L., 2013. The new French 2010 rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus causes an rhd-like disease in the Sardinian cape hare (lepus capensis mediterraneus). Vet. Res. 44, 96.

    18. Qi, R., Zhu, J., Miao, Q., Tang, A., Dong, D., Wang, X., Liu, G., 2019. Bioinformatics analysis of capsid protein of different subtypes rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus. BMC Vet. Res. 15, 423.

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    The outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic virus type 2 in the interior of China may be related to imported semen

      Corresponding author: Qinwen Zhang, zqw_runner@163.com
      Corresponding author: Guangqing Liu, liugq@shvri.ac.cn
    • a Innovation Team of Small Animal Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China;
    • b Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China;
    • c Veterinary Medicine Department of Agricultural and Animal College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China

    Abstract: Highlights:
    1. We identified one RHD case caused by a new RHDV variant (GI.2) in China through HA, TEM, and genome sequencing.
    2. This is the first study to demonstrate that GI.2 can replicate efficiently in the reproductive system.
    3. Our evidence suggests that GI.2 might be introduced into China by contaminated rabbit semen.

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