. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.10.007
Citation: Zihao Wang, Zhentao Liang, Rongguo Wei, Hongwei Wang, Fang Cheng, Yang Liu, Songdong Meng. Quantitative determination of the electron beam radiation dose for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation to decontaminate frozen food packaging .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(6) : 823-830.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.10.007

定量测定电子束辐射灭活冷冻食品包装中新型冠状病毒的剂量

  • 通讯作者: 孟颂东, mengsd@im.ac.cn
  • 收稿日期: 2022-07-01
    录用日期: 2022-10-21
  • 在当前全球大流行期间,严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)从冷链食品向一线工作人员的传播构成了严重的公共卫生威胁,迫切需要设计出在大多数不同物理化学条件下有效灭活病毒的简明方法,以降低病毒通过污染的冷链食品表面传播的风险。通过在冷链温度下对高滴度SARS-CoV-2进行电子束辐射,2 kGy的辐射剂量可使病毒滴度从104.5降低至0 TCID50/mL。接着将人冠状病毒OC43(HCoV-OC43)作为SARS-CoV-2合适的替代病毒,定义3 kGy的高能电子辐射剂量为使测试的包装材料中病毒滴度降低超过4 log单位的灭活剂量。另外,采用实时荧光定量PCR (RT-qPCR)检测病毒基因ENORF1ab,组织培养半数感染剂量(median tissue culture infectious dose,TCID50)与RT-qPCR对SARS-CoV-2检测结果具有较强的相关性,而RT-qPCR检测辐射灭活和未辐射的对照病毒的基因拷贝数没有显著差异,不能区分二者的感染性。由于有效灭活病毒的辐射剂量远低于食品加工的安全上限,本研究结果为设计基于辐射灭活冷链食品中SARS-CoV-2的方法提供了依据,且进一步证明,基于细胞的病毒检测方法对于评估SARS-CoV-2的灭活效率至关重要。

Quantitative determination of the electron beam radiation dose for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation to decontaminate frozen food packaging

  • Corresponding author: Songdong Meng, mengsd@im.ac.cn
  • Received Date: 01 July 2022
    Accepted Date: 21 October 2022
  • The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from cold-chain foods to frontline workers poses a serious public health threat during the current global pandemic. There is an urgent need to design concise approaches for effective virus inactivation under different physicochemical conditions to reduce the risk of contagion through viral contaminated surfaces of cold-chain foods. By employing a time course of electron beam exposure to a high titer of SARS-CoV-2 at cold-chain temperatures, a radiation dose of 2 kGy was demonstrated to reduce the viral titer from 104.5 to 0 median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL. Next, using human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) as a suitable SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, 3 kGy of high-energy electron radiation was defined as the inactivation dose for a titer reduction of more than 4 log units on tested packaging materials. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to test three viral genes, namely, E, N, and ORF1ab. There was a strong correlation between TCID50 and RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. However, RT-qPCR could not differentiate between the infectivity of the radiation-inactivated and nonirradiated control viruses. As the defined radiation dose for effective viral inactivation fell far below the upper safe dose limit for food processing, our results provide a basis for designing radiation-based approaches for the decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 in frozen food products. We further demonstrate that cell-based virus assays are essential to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 inactivation efficiency for the decontaminating strategies.

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    Quantitative determination of the electron beam radiation dose for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation to decontaminate frozen food packaging

      Corresponding author: Songdong Meng, mengsd@im.ac.cn
    • a Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China;
    • b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;
    • c Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530022, China;
    • d China Isotope and Radiaton Corporation, Beijing, 100089, China;
    • e Changchun CNNC CIRC Radiation Technology Co., LTD, Changchun, 130022, China

    Abstract: The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from cold-chain foods to frontline workers poses a serious public health threat during the current global pandemic. There is an urgent need to design concise approaches for effective virus inactivation under different physicochemical conditions to reduce the risk of contagion through viral contaminated surfaces of cold-chain foods. By employing a time course of electron beam exposure to a high titer of SARS-CoV-2 at cold-chain temperatures, a radiation dose of 2 kGy was demonstrated to reduce the viral titer from 104.5 to 0 median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL. Next, using human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) as a suitable SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, 3 kGy of high-energy electron radiation was defined as the inactivation dose for a titer reduction of more than 4 log units on tested packaging materials. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to test three viral genes, namely, E, N, and ORF1ab. There was a strong correlation between TCID50 and RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection. However, RT-qPCR could not differentiate between the infectivity of the radiation-inactivated and nonirradiated control viruses. As the defined radiation dose for effective viral inactivation fell far below the upper safe dose limit for food processing, our results provide a basis for designing radiation-based approaches for the decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 in frozen food products. We further demonstrate that cell-based virus assays are essential to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 inactivation efficiency for the decontaminating strategies.

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