Phylogenetic analyses and antigenic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus PanAsia lineage circulating in China between 1999 and 2023

Xiangle Zhang; Weimin Ma; Baohong Liu; Chaochao Shen; Fan Yang; Yamin Yang; Lv Lv; Jinyan Wu; Yongjie Liu; Youjun Shang; Jianhong Guo; Zixiang Zhu; Xiangtao Liu; Haixue Zheng; Jijun He

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2024.09.006

October 2024

. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.09.006

Citation: Xiangle Zhang, Weimin Ma, Baohong Liu, Chaochao Shen, Fan Yang, Yamin Yang, Lv Lv, Jinyan Wu, Yongjie Liu, Youjun Shang, Jianhong Guo, Zixiang Zhu, Xiangtao Liu, Haixue Zheng, Jijun He. Phylogenetic analyses and antigenic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus PanAsia lineage circulating in China between 1999 and 2023 .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 39(5) : 747-754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2024.09.006

我国1999年至2023年期间泛亚谱系口蹄疫病毒遗传进化与抗原变异分析

张向乐 ^a,b ,
马维民 ^a,b ,
刘保红 ^a ,
申超超 ^a ,
杨帆 ^a ,
杨亚民 ^a,b ,
吕律 ^a,b ,
吴锦艳 ^a,b ,
刘永杰 ^a,b ,
尚佑军 ^a,b ,
郭建宏 ^a,b ,
朱紫祥 ^a ,
刘湘涛 ^a,b ,
郑海学 ^a,, ,
何继军 ^a,b,,

cstr: 32224.14.j.virs.2024.09.006

a. 中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所, 兰州大学动物医学与生物安全学院, 动物疫病防控全国重点实验室;
b. WOAH/国家口蹄疫参考实验室

通讯作者： 郑海学, haixuezheng@163.com; 何继军, hejijun@caas.cn
收稿日期： 2024-04-02
录用日期： 2024-09-12

摘要

口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的一种最重要的跨境传播的动物传染病，给全球造成了严重的经济损失。我国1999年首次监测到泛亚谱系口蹄疫毒株，自2011年起，该谱系毒株先后在国内7个省份引发了18次疫情。遗传进化分析显示这些毒株分为3个分支（分支1、2、3），毒株同源性为 91.4% ~ 100%。分支1为1999年泛亚谱系口蹄疫全球大流行期间的毒株，分支2主要为2011年至2013年之间流行的毒株，分支3为2018年至2019年之间流行的毒株，与分支2毒株的同源性仅为93%，与分支1毒株的同源性为91%。溯源分析表明这些疫情分别为境外毒株3次传入我国所造成。病毒中和试验分析表明当前疫苗对这些流行毒株均可提供有效保护（r1 > 0.3）。然而，肉制品消费需求的增长推动了动物调运，并促进了国家间产品、服务和物资交换，从而增加了外来毒株入侵的风险。因此，必须加强边境管控，限制亚洲各国之间的动物流动，以减少口蹄疫等新跨境疾病入侵的风险。此外，必须重视PanAsia-2毒株防止其入侵，并储备针对PanAsia-2毒株的相关疫苗以应对可能的入侵。
- 口蹄疫病毒
- , 流行病学
- , 核苷酸同源性
- , 预防
- , 疫苗

Phylogenetic analyses and antigenic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus PanAsia lineage circulating in China between 1999 and 2023

Xiangle Zhang ^a,b ,
Weimin Ma ^a,b ,
Baohong Liu ^a ,
Chaochao Shen ^a ,
Fan Yang ^a ,
Yamin Yang ^a,b ,
Lv Lv ^a,b ,
Jinyan Wu ^a,b ,
Yongjie Liu ^a,b ,
Youjun Shang ^a,b ,
Jianhong Guo ^a,b ,
Zixiang Zhu ^a ,
Xiangtao Liu ^a,b ,
Haixue Zheng ^a,, ,
Jijun He ^a,b,,

a. State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China;
b. WOAH/National Reference Laboratory for Foot-and-mouth Disease, Lanzhou 730046, China

Corresponding author: Haixue Zheng, haixuezheng@163.com Jijun He, hejijun@caas.cn
Received Date: 02 April 2024
Accepted Date: 12 September 2024

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most important transboundary animal diseases caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), leading to significant economic losses worldwide. The first report of PanAsia lineage of FMDV in China was in 1999. Since 2011, 18 outbreaks attributed to PanAsia lineage viruses have been reported across 7 provinces or municipality in China. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these PanAsia strains were clustered into three distinct clades (clade 1, clade 2, and clade 3), with nucleotide homology ranging from 91.4% to 100%. The outbreaks of FMD caused by clade 1 strains occurred around 1999 when this lineage was prevalent globally. Clade 2 strains dominated from 2011 to 2013, while clade 3 strains were prevalent during 2018-2019, sharing only 93% homology with clade 2 strains and 91% with clade 1 strains. Tracing analysis showed that these outbreaks represented 3 distinct introductions of PanAsia viruses into China. Virus neutralization tests (VNT) have demonstrated that current commercial vaccines are effective to protect susceptible animals against these strains (r1 > 0.3). However, the growing demand for livestock has promoted animal movement and encouraged the exchange of products, services, and materials between countries, thereby heightening the risk of exotic strain incursions. Therefore, it is imperative to reinforce border controls and limit animal movements among various Asian countries continually to reduce the risk of new transboundary diseases, such as FMD incursion. Additionally, PanAsia-2 strains need to be taken seriously to prevent its incursions, and the relevant vaccines against PanAsia-2 strains need to be stockpiled in preparation for any possible incursion.
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)
- , Epidemiology
- , Nucleotide homology
- , Prevention
- , Vaccine

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