采用流行性出血热病毒（ＥＨＦＶ）１１４株实验感染家兔，用免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡ）及ＰＡＰ双桥法对家兔各脏器组织进行病毒抗原定位，同时将各脏器石蜡切片作常规Ｈ－Ｅ染色，观察受检组织的病理变化。结果表明：家兔在感染后７－１５天中，用ＩＦＡ法在胸腺、心、肺、肝、脾、胰腺、淋巴结、脑、睾丸、卵巢、肾、大肠及小肠中均检出ＥＨＦＶ抗原。用ＰＡＰ双桥法在细胞水平进行病毒抗原定位，发现所有受检组织小血管及毛细血管内皮细胞均为ＥＨＦＶ的原始靶细胞。生殖腺实质细胞病毒抗原阳性，为ＥＨＦＶ的垂直传播提供了实验依据。从肺支气管粘膜内皮细胞、尤其是腔面的纤毛柱状上皮内检出病毒抗原。推测ＥＨＦＶ通过气溶胶造成传播可能是水平传搐的方式之一。病理学初步观察，各脏器组织细胞未发现不可逆的病理损害。

Rabbits were inoculated with EHFV-H114 strain,the distribution of virus antigen in thetissues of rabbits was studied by immunoflourescent technique and double bridge peroxidase(PAP)method.Meantinle,pathologic change in the tissues embedded in paraffin was observedby H-E staining.The results showed that the viral antigen was detected in every tissue 7-15days after infection by IFA,PAP staining,the positive cells were mainly the endothellcal cells ofcapillary,small blood vessele in every tissue detected,the results ind icated that the endothelialcells of capillary,small blood are EHFV target cellg,Also,the EHFV antigens were detectedfrom glond cells of both ovary and testis of the rabbits,it provides EHFV vertical tranmissionwith the data of etiology.The specific antigens were also found in epithelial cells of bronchus ofthe rabbits,it suggests that the epithelial cell be susceptible to EHFV,and there be Dossibility ofEHP aerosol spread.Prom the observation of the pathologic change in positive tissues,