用套式多聚酶链反应（Ｎｅｓｔｅｄ－ＰＣＲ）技术对１６９对ＨＢｓＡｇ及ＨＢｓＡｇ／ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性孕妇及其新生儿外周血清进行了ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检测。１０３对ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性孕妇及其新生儿外周血清中ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为７２．８％和３３．０％；６６对ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ双阳性的孕妇及其新生儿外周血清中ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为８６．４％和４３．９％。对５５例ＨＢｓＡｇ及ＨＢｓＡｇ／ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性产妇产后的初乳进行了ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检测，结果ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率为３６．４％。结果表明ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ双阳性的孕妇及其新生儿外周血清ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率较ＨＢｓＡｇ单阳性的孕妇及其新生儿要高，其初乳中ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ的检出率也高。还对１０５例注射了乙肝疫苗及高价乙肝特异性免疫球蛋白的６月龄婴儿的外周血清进行了ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ检测，结果有２３例阳性。

high sensitive method of nested-polymerase chain reaction(Nested-PCR)was estab-lished to detect HBV-DNA in peripheral serum from 169 HBsAg or HBsAg/HBeAg positivepregnant women and their neonates。Positive of HBV-DNA was 72.8% in 103 positive of HB-sAg mothers and 33.0% in their neOnates.In the other 66 both HBsAg and HBeAg positivemothers and their neonates,the HBV-DNA positive was 86.4% and 43.9%,Fifty five samplesof the colostrum from 169 HBsAg or HBsAg/HBeAg positive mothers were detected,the HBV-DNA was found in 20 mothers.These results suggested the e antigen was important in HBV peri-natal transmission.Additional detection was made in 105 cases of 6 months infants from atoveneonates after injection of NBV vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin,23 positive samples werefound in serum。