从10份沈阳地区人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)血浆标本中提取核糖核酸(RNA),经逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和套式聚合酶链反应(nest-PCR)扩增HIV-1的p17与p24交界部分的基因片断并进行测序。将所测序列与各亚型国际参考株及亚洲流行参考序列进行比对,确定被检标本的亚型,并进行基因序列分析。同时将所得亚型结果与经过亚型特异性引物的复合套氏PCR鉴定基因亚型的方法所获结果进行比较。结果表明,10份HIV-1病毒株分属B′、CRF07-BC和CRF01-AE3种基因亚型。本文所研究样本的p17区段的ks/ka值小于1,而p24区段的ks/ka值大于1;p24部分的基因同源性高于p17部分,即我国HIV-1B′、CRF07-BC和CRF01-AE3种亚型毒株的p17区段的基因变异较大,而p24区段相对较为保守。提示上述3种亚型HIV-1病毒株的p24区段更适合于HIV-1疫苗的研制。

RNA were extracted from plasma samples collected from 10 HIV-1 positive patients in Shenyang city, RT-PCR and nest-PCR were carried out , PCR products of HIV-1 gag p17/p24 region were used for sequencing. Sequences of samples were compared with reference sequences of different HIV-1 genetic subtypes. HIV-1 genetic subtypes of samples in this test were then compared with that identified by the method of nested multiplex PCR with subtype-specific primers. Results showed that HIV-1 genetic subtypes of 10 samples were B’,CRF07-BC and CRF01-AE, respectively. ks/ka ratio is statistically below 1.0 in p17 region, and ks/ka ratio is significantly above 1.0 in p24 region. Gene homology in p24 region is higher than that in p17 region. More diversity of genetic sequences in gag p17 region than that in p24 region was observed. It is suggested that the p24 genetic region of HIV-1 genetic subtype B’, CRF07-BC and CRF01-AE is more suitable for development of HIV-1 vaccine.