Serving the Society Since 1986
Focused Topic "Special Topic on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19"
Topic Editor: Zheng-Li Shi, PhD, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
In less than two years, SARS-CoV-2 has infected over two hundred million people and caused about 4.8 million deaths worldwide. With global efforts, over 6.3 billion vaccine doses have been administered, which largely reduce the mortality and control the virus spread. Meanwhile, the academia has never stopped the exploration to advance our knowledge in combatting the virus. In this issue, Virologica Sinica presents a collection of original articles that report the latest research progress on SARS-CoV-2, including studies on long COVID-19, development of systems for drugs and vaccines, new strategies on surveillance and counter-measures. The cover shows the basic structure of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles.
  • 计算病毒组学:计算生物学在病毒组学中的应用

    卢聪毓, 彭友松

    2021, 36(5): 1256 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00395-7

    收稿日期: 2020-06-02 录用日期: 2021-04-14 出版日期: 2021-05-31
    [HTML全文] [PDF 217 KB] Springerlink
  • Development of RNA Polymerase III-Driven Reverse Genetics System for the Rescue of a Plant Rhabdovirus

    Xiaoyan Zhang, Kai Sun, Yan Liang, Chenglu Zhao, Zhenghe Li

    2021, 36(5): 1252 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00390-y

    收稿日期: 2020-11-23 录用日期: 2021-03-25 出版日期: 2021-05-03
    [HTML全文] [PDF 435 KB] Springerlink
  • 佛罗里达2型马流感病毒对犬表现为无症状感染

    周沛, 肖向禹, 胡辛凯, 董杰, 张浩洋, 李艳超, 李守军

    2021, 36(5): 1248 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00366-y

    收稿日期: 2020-08-03 录用日期: 2021-01-25 出版日期: 2021-04-15
    [HTML全文] [PDF 1285 KB] Springerlink
  • 诺如病毒重组GII.4 [P31]基因型为2018-2020年中国北京地区的主要流行株

    艾军红, 张萌, 金芳, 谢正德

    2021, 36(5): 1245 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00381-z

    收稿日期: 2020-11-28 录用日期: 2021-02-20 出版日期: 2021-04-09
    [HTML全文] [PDF 218 KB] Springerlink
  • Replication of LZTFL1 Gene Region as a Susceptibility Locus for COVID-19 in Latvian Population

    Raimonds Rescenko, Raitis Peculis, Monta Briviba, Laura Ansone, Anna Terentjeva, Helena Daiga Litvina, Liga Birzniece, Kaspars Megnis, Oksana Kolesova, Baiba Rozentale, Ludmila Viksna, Vita Rovite, Janis Klovins

    2021, 36(5): 1241 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00448-x

    收稿日期: 2021-03-30 录用日期: 2021-08-24 出版日期: 2021-10-20
    [HTML全文] [PDF 388 KB] Springerlink
  • SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in People Referred to Private Medical Laboratories in Different Districts of Tehran, Iran from May 2020 to April 2021

    Zahra Heydarifard, Sevrin Zadheidar, Jila Yavarian, Shirin Kalantari, Ahmad Nejati, Talat Mokhtari-Azad, Nazanin Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi

    2021, 36(5): 1236 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00446-z

    收稿日期: 2020-12-23 录用日期: 2021-06-28 出版日期: 2021-09-30
    [HTML全文] [PDF 317 KB] Springerlink
  • 新冠病毒突变株B.1.351对hACE2小鼠感染及致病作用研究

    陈奇, 黄星耀, 田颖, 范昌发, 孙梦许, 周超, 李睿婷, 张蓉蓉, 武桂珍, 秦成峰

    2021, 36(5): 1232 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00452-1

    收稿日期: 2021-07-07 录用日期: 2021-08-24 出版日期: 2021-09-27
    [HTML全文] [PDF 966 KB] Springerlink
  • 天津市境外输入COVID-19患者新冠病毒基因特征分析

    李晓燕, 高鑫, 邹明, 庄志超, 谭昭麟, 郑宝璐, 于爱萍, 苏旭

    2021, 36(5): 1228 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00432-5

    收稿日期: 2021-03-31 录用日期: 2021-05-26 出版日期: 2021-08-11
    [HTML全文] [PDF 463 KB] Springerlink
  • 甲型流感病毒pdm09临床分离株中的抗原漂移引起病毒致病力的增加

    邢蕾, 陈蕴博, 陈博谦, 步玲, 刘莹, 曾志奇, 关文达, 陈其告, 林勇平, 秦堃, 陈鸿霖, 邓西龙, 王新华, 宋文俊

    2021, 36(5): 1220 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00401-y

    收稿日期: 2021-01-06 录用日期: 2021-04-12 出版日期: 2021-06-09
    [HTML全文] [PDF 825 KB] Springerlink

    The influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus emerged in 2009 and has been continuously circulating in humans for over ten years. Here, we analyzed a clinical influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-infected patient case hospitalized for two months in Guangdong (from December 14, 2019 to February 15, 2020). This isolate, named A/Guangdong/LCF/2019 (LCF/19), was genetically sequenced, rescued by reverse genetics, and phylogenetically analyzed in the context of other relevant pdm09 isolates. Compared with earlier isolates, this pdm09 virus's genetic sequence contains four substitutions, S186P, T188I, D190A, and Q192E, of the hemagglutinin (HA) segment at position 186–192 (H3 numbering) in the epitope Sb, and two of which are located at the 190-helix. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the epitope Sb started undergoing a rapid antigenic change in 2018. To characterize the pathogenicity of this novel substitution motif, a panel of reassortant viruses containing the LCF/2019 HA segment or the chimeric HA segment with the four substitutions were rescued. Kinetic growth data revealed that the reassortant viruses, including the LCF/2019 with the PTIAAQE substitution, propagated faster than those rescued ones having the STTADQQ motif in the epitope Sb in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells. The HI test showed that the binding activity of escape mutant to 2018 pdm09 sera was weaker than GLW/2018, suggesting that old vaccines might not effectively protect people from infection. Due to the difference in the selection of vaccine strains, people vaccinated in the southern hemisphere could still suffer a severe infection if infected with this antigenic drift pdm09 virus.

  • 胆固醇25羟化酶通过阻断塞内卡古病毒吸附进而抑制其感染

    李惠, 赵泽凯, 李祥敏, 覃柳婞, 文威, 陈焕春, 钱平

    2021, 36(5): 1210 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00377-9

    收稿日期: 2020-06-03 录用日期: 2020-09-22 出版日期: 2021-06-01
    [HTML全文] [PDF 972 KB] Springerlink

    Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) is a membrane protein associated with endoplasmic reticulum, and it is an interferon-stimulated factor regulated by interferon. CH25H catalyzes cholesterol to produce 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) by adding a second hydroxyl to the 25th carbon atom of cholesterol. Recent studies have shown that both CH25H and 25HC could inhibit the replication of many viruses. In this study, we found that ectopic expression of CH25H in HEK-293T and BHK-21 cell lines could inhibit the replication of Seneca Valley virus (SVV) and that there was no species difference. On the other hand, the knockdown of CH25H could enhance the replication of SVV in HEK-293T and BHK-21 cells, indicating the importance of CH25H. To some extent, the CH25H mutant without hydroxylase activity also lost its ability to inhibit SVV amplification. Further studies demonstrated that 25HC was involved in the entire life cycle of SVV, especially in repressing its adsorption process. This study reveals that CH25H exerts the advantage of innate immunity mainly by producing 25HC to block virion adsorption.

  • 25羟基胆固醇在SIV慢性感染猕猴模型中的免疫调控和治疗效果研究

    吴春秀, 赵锦, 李瑞婷, 冯凤玲, 何依籽, 李彦君, 黄润晗, 李广业, 杨衡, 程根宏, 陈凌, 马烽, 李平超, 孙彩军

    2021, 36(5): 1197 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00407-6

    收稿日期: 2021-01-29 录用日期: 2021-04-19 出版日期: 2021-05-31
    [HTML全文] [PDF 1344 KB] Springerlink

    Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its enzymatic product 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) exert broadly antiviral activity including inhibiting HIV-1 infection. However, their antiviral immunity and therapeutic efficacy in a nonhuman primate model are unknown. Here, we report that the regimen of 25HC combined with antiretroviral therapy (ART), provides profound immunological modulation towards inhibiting viral replication in chronically SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques (RMs). Compared to the ART alone, this regimen more effectively controlled SIV replication, enhanced SIV-specific cellular immune responses, restored the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells, reversed the hyperactivation state of CD4+ T cells, and inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in chronically SIV-infected RMs. Furthermore, the in vivo safety and the preliminary pharmacokinetics of the 25HC compound were assessed in this RM model. Taken together, these assessments help explain the profound relationship between cholesterol metabolism, immune modulation, and antiviral activities by 25HC. These results provide insight for developing novel therapeutic drug candidates against HIV-1 infection and other related diseases.

  • 蝙蝠和人P[3]轮状病毒VP8*蛋白的功能研究

    李丹地, 王萌璇, 毛彤瑶, 王明雯, 章青, 王宏, 庞立丽, 孙晓曼, 段招军

    2021, 36(5): 1187 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00400-z

    收稿日期: 2021-01-06 录用日期: 2021-04-12 出版日期: 2021-05-31
    [HTML全文] [PDF 3342 KB] Springerlink

    P[3] rotavirus (RV) has been identified in many species, including human, simian, dog, and bat. Several glycans, including sialic acid, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) are reported as RV attachment factors. The glycan binding specificity of different P[3] RV VP8*s were investigated in this study. Human HCR3A and dog P[3] RV VP8*s recognized glycans with terminal sialic acid and hemagglutinated the red blood cells, while bat P[3] VP8* showed neither binding to glycans nor hemagglutination. However, the bat P[3] VP8* mutant of C189Y obtained the ability to hemagglutinate the red blood cells, while human P[3] HCR3A/M2-102 mutants of Y189C lost the ability. Sequence alignment and structural analysis indicated that residue 189 played an important role in the ligand recognition and may contribute to the cross-species transmission. Structural superimposition exhibited that bat P[3] VP8* model was quite different from the simian P[3] Rhesus rotavirus (RRV) P[3] VP8*, indicating that bat P[3] RV was relatively distinct and partially contributed to the no binding to tested glycans. These results promote our understanding of P[3] VP8*/glycans interactions and the potential transmission of bat/human P[3] RVs, offering more insight into the RV infection and prevalence.

  • 武乡病毒在中国山西省阳泉县白蛉中的再分离

    王琴燕, 付士红, 程景侠, 许秀燕, 王晶, 武滨, 田晓东, 李艳, 何英, 李樊, 聂凯, 许松涛, 王斌, 王环宇, 鲁晓晴, 梁国栋

    2021, 36(5): 1177 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00398-4

    收稿日期: 2020-11-17 录用日期: 2021-03-25 出版日期: 2021-05-31
    [HTML全文] [PDF 2200 KB] Springerlink

    We previously isolated a new species of the genus Phlebovirus from wild sandflies collected from Wuxiang County in central China, which named the Wuxiang virus (WUXV). In this study, we re-isolated the WUXV from wild sandflies collected from two villages in Yangquan County, China in 2019. Four virus isolates that caused cytopathic effects in BHK-21 cells were successfully isolated from sandfly specimens collected from chicken pens and sheep pens. Phylogenetic analyses of the L, M and S gene segments of the viruses revealed that the four virus strains represented the previously isolated WUXV. The minimum infection rate (MIR) of the virus isolated from the sheep pen was 3.21, and the MIR of the virus isolated from the chicken pen was 3.45. The positive rates of Wuxiang virus neutralizing antibodies in serum samples of local healthy people and domestic chickens were 8.7% (4/46) and 100% (4/4), respectively, suggesting that Wuxiang virus can infect human and animal. In view of the fact that Wuxiang virus is infectious to humans and animals and has a relatively wide geographical distribution in China, it is of great public health significance to strengthen the investigation and study on the infection status of Wuxiang virus in humans and animals.

  • 葫芦[7]脲具有广谱抗RNA病毒活性

    权甲, 张相军, 丁元福, 李升可, 邱洋, 王瑞兵, 周溪

    2021, 36(5): 1165 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00404-9

    收稿日期: 2021-03-25 录用日期: 2021-04-06 出版日期: 2021-05-26
    [HTML全文] [PDF 2078 KB] Springerlink

    The emergence and re-emergence of RNA virus outbreaks highlight the urgent need for the development of broad-spectrum antivirals. Polyamines are positively-charged small molecules required for the infectivity of a wide range of RNA viruses, therefore may become good antiviral targets. Cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), a synthetic macrocyclic molecule, which can bind with amine-based organic compounds with high affinity, has been shown to regulate bioactive molecules through competitive binding. In this study, we tested the antiviral activity of CB[7] against diverse RNA viruses, including a panel of enteroviruses (i.e. human enterovirus A71, coxsackievirus A16, coxsackievirus B3, and echovirus 11), some flaviviruses (i.e. dengue virus and Zika virus), and an alphavirus representative Semliki forest virus. CB[7] can inhibit virus replications in a variety of cell lines, and its mechanism of action is through the competitive binding with polyamines. Our findings not only for the first time provide evidence that CB[7] can be a promising broad-spectrum antiviral agent, but more importantly, offer a novel therapeutic strategy to fight against RNA viruses by supramolecular sequestration of polyamines.

  • PML通过促进FBXW7表达抑制流感病毒复制

    颜海燕, 王辉强, 钟鸣, 吴硕, 杨璐, 李珂, 李玉环

    2021, 36(5): 1154 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00399-3

    收稿日期: 2020-12-16 录用日期: 2021-03-29 出版日期: 2021-05-27
    [HTML全文] [PDF 1187 KB] Springerlink

    Influenza A viruses (IAV) are responsible for seasonal flu epidemics, which can lead to high morbidity and mortality each year. Like other viruses, influenza virus can hijack host cellular machinery for its replication. Host cells have evolved diverse cellular defense to resist the invasion of viruses. As the main components of promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), PML can inhibit the replication of many medically important viruses including IAV. However, the mechanism of PML against IAV is unclear. In the present study, we found PML was induced in response to IAV infection and ectopic expression of PML could inhibit IAV replication, whereas knockdown of endogenous PML expression could enhance IAV replication. Further studies showed that PML increased the expression of FBXW7 by inhibiting its K48-linked ubiquitination and enhanced the interaction between FBXW7 and SHP2, which negatively regulated IAV replication during infection. Moreover, PML stabilized RIG-I to promote the production of type Ⅰ IFN. Collectively, these data indicated that PML inhibited IAV replication by enhancing FBXW7 expression in the antiviral immunity against influenza virus and extended the mechanism of PML in antiviral immunity.

  • 澳门地区甲型和乙型流感的流行病学特征

    吴许文, 张腾, 王国梁, 简仕铭, 马国奕, 李喆, 陈畅, 王丹丹, 王明彦, 黄照恒, 倪金良, 张晓华

    2021, 36(5): 1144 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00388-6

    收稿日期: 2020-12-04 录用日期: 2021-03-04 出版日期: 2021-05-20
    [HTML全文] [PDF 742 KB] Springerlink

    Influenza is one of the major respiratory diseases in humans. Macau is a tourist city with high density of population and special population mobility. The study on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Macau should bring great value for preventing influenza in tourist cities like Macau in the world. In this study, we collected a total of 104,874 samples with influenza-like illness (ILI) in Macau from 2010 to 2018. Chi-square test and binary multivariable logistic regression were used to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza A and B in Macau. Among these ILI samples, the overall positive rate is 17.17% for influenza A and 6.97% for influenza B. The epidemics of influenza in three years (i.e., 2012, 2017 and 2018) differ from the remaining years (i.e., normal years). In a normal year, influenza A occurs year-round whereas influenza B is seasonal. Our research shows significant differences in influenza infections between different age groups in normal years. Interestingly, our analysis shows no significant difference between locals and tourists in influenza A and B infection in a normal year, whereas the odds of influenza A in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in July 2017 and the odds of influenza B in tourists were significantly higher than those in locals in January–February 2012 and January–February 2018. This is possibly attributed by the policy of free vaccination to everyone in Macau. These findings should be valuable for preventing influenza in not only Macau but also the world.

  • Expansion of GARP-Expressing CD4+CD25-FoxP3+ T Cells and SATB1 Association with Activation and Coagulation in Immune Compromised HIV-1-Infected Individuals in South Africa

    Eman Teer, Danzil E. Joseph, Leanne Dominick, Richard H. Glashoff, M. Faadiel Essop

    2021, 36(5): 1133 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00386-8

    收稿日期: 2020-09-17 录用日期: 2021-02-23 出版日期: 2021-05-11
    [HTML全文] [PDF 470 KB] Springerlink

    Although antiretroviral treatment lowers the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related disease, it does not always result in immunological recovery. This manifests as persistent chronic inflammation, immune activation or exhaustion that can promote the onset of co-morbidities. As the exact function of regulatory T (Treg) cells in HIV remains unclear, this cross-sectional study investigated three expression markers (Forkhead box protein P3 [FOXP3], glycoprotein A repetitions predominant [GARP], special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 [SATB1]) and compared their expansion between CD4+CD25- and CD4+CD25++ T cells. Age-matched study subjects were recruited (Western Cape, South Africa) and sub-divided: HIV-negative subjects (n = 12), HIV-positive naïve treated (n = 22), HIV-positive treated based on CD4 count cells/μL (CD4 > 500 and CD4 < 500) (n = 34) and HIV-treated based on viral load (VL) copies/mL (VL < 1000 and VL > 1000) (n = 34). Markers of immune activation (CD38) and coagulation (CD142) on T cells (CD8) were assessed by flow cytometry together with FOXP3, GARP and SATB1 expression on CD4+CD25- and CD4+CD25++ T cells. Plasma levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10; anti-inflammatory marker), IL-6 (inflammatory marker) and D-dimer (coagulation marker) were assessed. This study revealed three major findings in immuno-compromised patients with virological failure (CD4 < 500; VL > 1000): (1) the expansion of the unconventional Treg cell subset (CD4+CD25-FOXP3+) is linked with disease progression markers; (2) increased GARP expression in the CD4+CD25- and CD4+CD25++ subsets; and (3) the identification of a strong link between CD4+CD25-SATB1+ cells and markers of immune activation (CD8+CD38+) and coagulation (CD8+CD142+ and D-dimer).

  • 免疫压力下H7N9亚型禽流感病毒进化加快

    吴一凡, 胡景凯, 金宣讲, 李晓, 王金凤, 张萌萌, 陈江琳, 谢淑敏, 亓文宝, 廖明, 贾伟新

    2021, 36(5): 1124 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00383-x

    收稿日期: 2020-10-21 录用日期: 2021-03-17 出版日期: 2021-05-11
    [HTML全文] [PDF 2392 KB] Springerlink

    No avian H7N9 outbreaks have occurred since the introduction of H7N9 inactivated vaccine in the fall of 2017. However, H7N9 is still prevalent in poultry. To surveil the prevalence, genetic characteristics, and antigenic changes of H7N9, over 7000 oropharyngeal and cloaca swab specimens were collected from live poultry markets and farms in 15 provinces of China from 2017 to 2019. A total of 85 influenza virus subtype H7N9 strains were isolated and 20 representative strains were selected for genetic analysis and antigenicity evaluation. Results indicated the decreased prevalence of low-pathogenic H7N9 strains while highly-pathogenic H7N9 strains became dominated since the introduction of vaccine. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strains from 2019 formed an independent small branch and were genetically distant to strains isolated in 2013–2018. Analysis of key amino acid sites showed that the virus strains may adapt to the host environment evolutionally through mutation. Our analysis predicted additional potential glycosylation sites for HA and NA genes in the 2019 strains. Sequence analysis of HA gene in strains isolated from 2018 to 2019 showed that there were an increased nucleotide substitution rate and an increased mutation rate in the first and second nucleotides of coding codons within the open reading frame. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay showed that H7-Re1 and H7-Re2 exhibited a lower HI titer for isolates from 2019, while H7-Re3 and rLN79 showed a high HI titer. The protective effect of the vaccine decreased after 15 months of use. Overall, under vaccination pressure, the evolution of influenza virus subtype H7N9 has accelerated.

  • 生物矿化的新型腺病毒载体新冠肺炎疫苗对小鼠加强免疫的效果评价

    罗升学, 张攀丽, 邹鹏, 王聪, 刘博超, 吴翠玲, 李婷婷, 张玲, 张玉明, 黎诚耀

    2021, 36(5): 1113 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00434-3

    收稿日期: 2021-05-08 录用日期: 2021-06-28 出版日期: 2021-09-28
    [HTML全文] [PDF 1756 KB] Springerlink

    SARS-CoV-2 has caused more than 3.8 million deaths worldwide, and several types of COVID-19 vaccines are urgently approved for use, including adenovirus vectored vaccines. However, the thermal instability and pre-existing immunity have limited its wide applications. To circumvent these obstacles, we constructed a self-biomineralized adenovirus vectored COVID-19 vaccine (Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP) by generating a calcium phosphate mineral exterior (CaP) based on Sad23L vector carrying the full-length gene of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) under physiological condition. This Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP vaccine was examined for its characteristics of structure, thermostability, immunogenicity and avoiding the problem of preexisting immunity. In thermostability test, Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP could be stored at 4 ℃ for over 45 days, 26 ℃ for more than 8 days and 37 ℃ for approximately 2 days. Furthermore, Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP induced higher level of S-specific antibody and T cell responses, and was not affected by the pre-existing anti-Sad23L immunity, suggesting it could be used as boosting immunization on Sad23L-nCoV-S priming vaccination. The boosting with Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP vaccine induced high titers of 105.01 anti-S1, 104.77 anti-S2 binding antibody, 103.04 pseudovirus neutralizing antibody (IC50), and robust T-cell response of IFN-γ (1466.16 SFCs/106 cells) to S peptides, respectively. In summary, the self-biomineralization of the COVID-19 vaccine Sad23L-nCoV-S-CaP improved vaccine efficacy, which could be used in prime-boost regimen for prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans.

  • Structure and Function of N-Terminal Zinc Finger Domain of SARS-CoV-2 NSP2

    马俊, 陈依芸, 吴玮, 陈忠周

    2021, 36(5): 1104 doi: 10.1007/s12250-021-00431-6

    收稿日期: 2021-06-14 录用日期: 2021-07-15 出版日期: 2021-08-16
    [HTML全文] [PDF 1355 KB] Springerlink

    SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic threatening human health and safety. It is urgent to find effective therapeutic agents and targets with the continuous emergence of novel mutant strains. The knowledge of the molecular basis and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in host cells requires to be understood comprehensively. The unknown structure and function of nsp2 have hindered our understanding of its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we report the crystal structure of the N-terminal of SARS-CoV-2 nsp2 to a high resolution of 1.96Å. This novel structure contains three zinc fingers, belonging to the C2H2, C4, and C2HC types, respectively. Structure analysis suggests that nsp2 may be involved in binding nucleic acids and regulating intracellular signaling pathways. The binding to single or double-stranded nucleic acids was mainly through the large positively charged region on the surface of nsp2, and K111, K112, K113 were key residues. Our findings lay the foundation for a better understanding of the relationship between structure and function for nsp2. It is helpful to make full use of nsp2 as further research and development of antiviral targets and drug design.

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39卷第1期 (2024年2月)

ISSN 1674-0769

EISSN 1995-820X

CN 42-1760/Q

主编: 石正丽

影响因子: 5.5*

*源于2022年JCR

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