• Albina E. Epidemiology of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): an overview[J]. Vet Microbiol, 1997, 55(): 309-316. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01322-3

  • Allende R, Lewis T L, Lu Z. North American and European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses differ in non-structural protein coding regions[J]. J Gen Virol, 1999, 80(Pt 2): 307-315.

  • Ansari I H, Kwon B, Osorio F A. Influence of N-linked glycosylation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus GP5 on virus infectivity, anti-genicity, and ability to induce neutralizing antibodies[J]. J Virol, 2006, 80(): 3994-4004. doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.8.3994-4004.2006

  • Batista L, Pijoan C, Torremorell M. Experimental injection of gilts with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) during acclimatization[J]. J Swine Health Prod, 2002, 10(): 147-150.

  • Blaha T. The "colourful" epidemiology of PRRS[J]. Vet Res, 2000, 31(): 77-83.

  • Botner A, Strandbygaard B, Sorensen K J. Appearance of acute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds after vaccination with a modified live-PRRS vaccine[J]. Veterinary Record, 1997, 141(): 497-499. doi: 10.1136/vr.141.19.497

  • Brouwer J, Frankena K, de Jong M F. PRRS: effect on herd performance after initial infection and risk analysis[J]. Vet Q, 1994, 16(): 95-100. doi: 10.1080/01652176.1994.9694427

  • Cavanagh D. 1997 Nidovirales: a new order comprising Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae[J]. Arch Virol, 1997, 142(): 629-633.

  • Chen J, Liu T, Zhu C G. Genetic Variation of Chinese PRRSV Strains Based on ORF5 Sequence[J]. Biochem Genet, 2006, 44(): 421-431. doi: 10.1007/s10528-006-9039-9

  • Conzelmann K K, Visser N, VanWoensel P. Molecular characerization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, a member of the arterivirus group[J]. Virology, 1993, 193(): 329-339. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1129

  • Dea S, Gagnon C A, Mardassi H. Current knowledge on the structural proteins of porcine repro-ductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus: com-parison of the North American and European isolates[J]. Arch Virol, 2000, 145(): 659-688. doi: 10.1007/s007050050662

  • Done S H, Paton D J, White M E. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS): a review, with emphasis on pathological, virological and diagnostic aspects[J]. Br Vet J, 1996, 152(): 153-174. doi: 10.1016/S0007-1935(96)80071-6

  • Faaberg K S, Murtaugh M P, Mahlum-Wees C, et al. 2003. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: evolution of ORF5 in North America over 15 years. In: Proceedings of the IXth International Symposium on Nidoviruses, Egmont aan Zee, The Netherlands, May 24th -29th, p 50.

  • Fang Y, Kim D Y, Ropp S. Heterogeneity in Nsp2 of European-like porcine reproductive and respi-ratory syndrome viruses isolated in the United States[J]. Virus Res, 2004, 100(): 229-235. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2003.12.026

  • Fang Y, Schneider P, Zhang W P. Diversity and evolution of a newly emerged North American Type 1 porcine arterivirus: analysis of isolates collected between 1999 and 2004[J]. Arch Virol, 2007, 152(): 1009-1017. doi: 10.1007/s00705-007-0936-y

  • Gao Z Q, Guo X, Yang H C. Genomic characteri-zation of two Chinese isolates of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus[J]. Arch Virol, 2004, 149(): 1341-1351.

  • Gucht S V, Reeth K V, Pensaert M. Interaction between porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome vieus and bacterial endotoxin in the lungs of pigs: potentiation of cytokine production and respiratory disease[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2003, 41(3): 960-966. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.3.960-966.2003

  • Heckman K L, Pease L R. Gene splicing and mutagenesis by PCR-deriven overlap extension[J]. Nature Protocols, 2007, 2(4): 924-932. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2007.132

  • Key K F, Haqshenas G, Guenette D K. Genetic variation and phylogenetic analyses of the ORF5 gene of acute porcine reproductive and respiratory synd-rome virus isolates[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2001, 83(): 249-263. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1135(01)00427-8

  • Mateu E, Diaz I, Darwich L. Evolution of ORF5 of Spanish porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains from 1991 to 2005[J]. Virus Res, 2006, 115(): 198-206. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2005.09.008

  • Meng X J, Paul P S, Halbur P G. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the 3-terminal genomic RNA of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus[J]. J Gen Virol, 1994, 75(): 1795-1801. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-7-1795

  • Meng X J. Heterogeneity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for current vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2000, 74(): 309-329. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00196-6

  • Meulenberg J J, de Meijer E J, Moormann R J. Subgenomic RNAs of Lelystad virus contain a conserved leader-body junction sequence[J]. J Gen Virol, 1993, 74(): 1697-1701. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-74-8-1697

  • Meulenberg J J, Hulst M M, de Meijer E J. Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV[J]. Virology, 1993, 192(): 62-72. doi: 10.1006/viro.1993.1008

  • Meulebnerg J J M. 1998. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) molecular charac-terization of the agent. In: Proceedings of the 15th IPVS Congress. p 149-157.

  • Murtaugh M P, Elam M R, Kakach L T. Comparison of the structural protein coding sequences of the VR-2332 and Lelystad virus strains of the PRRS virus[J]. Arch Virol, 1995, 140(): 1451-1460. doi: 10.1007/BF01322671

  • Nelsen C J, Murtaugh M P, Faaberg K S. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus comparison: divergent evolution on two continents[J]. J Virol, 1999, 73(): 270-280.

  • Nelson E A, Christopher-Hennings J, Drew T. Differentiation of U.S. and European isolates of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by monoclonal antibodies[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 1993, 31(): 3184-3189.

  • Nielsen H S, Oleksiewicz M B, Forsberg R. Reversion of a live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine investigated by parallel mutations[J]. J Gen Virol, 2001, 82(): 1263-1272. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-6-1263

  • Oleksiewicz M B, B tner A, Toft P. Epitope mapping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by phage display: the nsp2 fragment of the replicase polyprotein contains a cluster of B-cell epitopes[J]. J Virol, 2001, 75(): 3277-3290. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3277-3290.2001

  • Pesch S, Meyer C, Ohlinger V F. New insights into the genetic diversity of European porcine repro-ductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2005, 107(): 31-48. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.01.028

  • Shen S, Kwang J, Liu W. Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of a vaccine strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and identification of the Nsp2 gene with a unique insertion[J]. Arch Virol, 2000, 145(): 871-883. doi: 10.1007/s007050050680

  • Stadejek T, Stankevicius A, Storgaard T. Identification of radically different variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Eastern Europe: towards a common ancestor for European and American viruses[J]. J Gen Virol, 2002, 83(): 1861-1873. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-83-8-1861

  • Storgaard T, Oleksiewicz M, Botner A. Exa-mination of the selective pressures on a live PRRS vaccine virus[J]. Arch Virol, 1999, 144(): 2389-2401. doi: 10.1007/s007050050652

  • Suarez P. Ultrastructural pathogenesis of the PRRS virus[J]. Vet Res, 2000, 31(): 47-55.

  • Tian K, Yu X, Zhao T. Emergence of fatal PRRSV Variants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS in China and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark[J]. PLoS ONE, 2007, issue 6(2): e526-.

  • Wensvoort G. Lelystad virus and the porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome[J]. Vet Res, 1993, 24(): 117-124.

  • Wissink E H, van Wijk H A, Kroese M V. The major envelope protein, GP5, of a European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus contains a neutralization epitope in its N-terminal ectodomain[J]. J Gen Virol, 2003, 84(): 1535-1543. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.18957-0

  • Wu W H, Fang Y, Farwell R. A 10-kDa structural protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus encoded by ORF2b[J]. Virology, 2001, 287(): 183-191. doi: 10.1006/viro.2001.1034