Figure 1个  Table 2个
    • Total (n = 123) With HBV infection (n = 15) Without HBV infection (n = 108) P value
      Sex 0.0469
        Female 73 (59.3%) 5 (33.3%) 68 (63.0%)
        Male 50 (40.7%) 10 (66.7%) 40 (37.0%)
      Age, median (IQR), y 51.0 (35.0, 66.0) 54.0 (39.0, 60.0) 51.0 (35.0, 66.0) 0.6127
      Comorbidities 35 (28.5%) 4 (26.7%) 31 (28.7%) 1.0000
      Hypertension 19 (15.4%) 1 (6.7%) 18 (16.7%) 0.4628
      Cardiovascular disease 8 (6.5%) 0 (0.0%) 8 (7.4%) 0.5939
      Diabetes 12 (9.8%) 1 (6.7%) 11 (10.2%) 1.0000
      Malignancy 5 (4.1%) 3 (20.0%) 2 (1.9%) 0.0724
      COPD 5 (4.1%) 0 (0.0%) 5 (4.6%) 1.0000
      Liver cirrhosis 3 (2.4%) 2 (13.3%) 1 (0.9%) 0.0390
      Signs and symptoms
      Fever 85 (69.1%) 8 (53.3%) 77 (71.3%) 0.2310
      Fatigue 67 (54.5%) 8 (53.3%) 59 (54.6%) 1.0000
      Myalgia 40 (32.5%) 3 (20.0%) 37 (34.3%) 0.7604
      Cough 62 (50.4%) 4 (26.7%) 58 (53.7%) 0.0582
      Dyspnea 26 (21.1%) 6 (40.0%) 20 (18.5%) 0.0859
      Diarrhea 20 (16.3%) 2 (13.3%) 18 (16.7%) 1.0000
      Headache 21 (17.1%) 2 (13.3%) 19 (17.6%) 1.0000
      Days from illness onset to hospital, median (IQR), d 7.0 (4.0, 10.0) 7.0 (4.0, 10.0) 7.0 (4.0, 10.0) 0.9102
      Laboratory results (units, normal range)
      White blood cell Count (×109/L, 3.5–9.5) 4.2 (3.0, 5.7) 4.4 (3.4, 5.6) 4.2 (2.9, 5.7) 0.6484
      Lymphocyte count (×109/L, 1.1–3.2) 0.9 (0.6, 1.3)↓ 0.6 (0.4, 1.1) ↓ 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) ↓ 0.0598
      Neutrophil count (×109/L, 1.8–6.3) 2.5 (1.6, 3.8) 3.4 (2.3, 5.3) 2.5 (1.6, 3.7) 0.2091
      Platelet count (×109/L, 125–350) 179.0 (129.0, 2250) 186.0 (104.0, 225.0) 178.5 (130.3, 225.5) 0.7020
      Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (U/L, 9–50) 22.0 (15.0, 34.5) 25.0 (16.0, 44.0) 21.5 (15.0, 32.8) 0.4418
      Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (U/L, 15–40) 25.0 (19.0, 38.0) 28.0 (19.0, 58.0) 25.0 (19.0, 37.0) 0.6327
      Total bilirubin (TBIL) (mmol/L, 5–21) 9.6 (7.8, 12.8) 13.2 (10.0, 17.4) 9.4 (7.6, 12.3) 0.0178
      Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) (U/L, 8–57) 22.0 (15.0, 36.0) 20.0 (14.0, 28.0) 22.0 (15.3, 36.8) 0.5110
      Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (U/L, 30–120) 66.0 (54.0, 83.0) 76.0 (52.0, 102.0) 65.0 (54.0, 79.8) 0.2339
      Albumin (g/L, 40–55) 38.2 (34.4, 41.0) ↓ 36.0 (30.9, 39.6) ↓ 38.3 (34.6, 41.1) ↓ 0.2309
      Prothrombin time (s, 9.4–12.5) 12.7 (11.7, 13.3) ↑ 13.0 (11.5, 13.9) ↑ 12.7 (11.8, 13.3) ↑ 0.2376
      Activated partial thromboplastin time (s, 25.1–36.5) 30.7 (28.5, 32.6) 30.6 (27.9, 32.7) 30.9 (28.6, 32.6) 0.4557
      International normalized ratio (0.85–1.15) 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) ↑ 1.2 (1.1, 1.3) ↑ 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) ↑ 0.2324
      D-dimer (mg/L, 0–500) 204.0 (126.0, 464.0) 270.0 (101.0, 2139.0) 195.5 (128.0, 438.8) 0.4794
      Creatinine (µmol/L, 64–104) 62.9 (52.6, 76.9) ↓ 65.4 (59.0, 81.1) 61.9 (52.4, 73.5) ↓ 0.2177
      Severe type 33 (26.8%) 7 (46.7%) 26 (24.1%) 0.1152
      Treatment
      Oxygen support 74 (60.2%) 8 (53.3%) 66 (61.1%) 0.5842
      Antiviral therapy 90 (73.2%) 8 (53.3%) 82 (75.9%) 0.1152
      Antibiotic therapy 123 (100.0%) 15 (100.0%) 108 (100.0%) –
      Use of corticosteroid 61 (49.6%) 5 (33.3%) 56 (51.9%) 0.2704
      Hospital stays, median (IQR), days 14.0 (9.0, 20.0) 14.0 (11.0, 18.0) 14.0 (9.0, 21.0) 0.9383
      Clinical outcome
      Remained in hospital 8 (6.5%) 2 (13.3%) 6 (5.6%) 0.0690
      Discharged 110 (89.4%) 11 (73.4%) 99 (91.6%)
      Death 5 (4.1%) 2 (13.3%) 3 (2.8%)
      Bold represents the significant difference of P values less than 0.05
      The arrow ↓: decrease; ↑: increase

      Table 1.  Demographics, baseline characteristics, laboratory results, treatment and clinical outcomes of 123 COVID-19 patients with or without HBV infection.

    • Patient Age (years) Sex (female/male) HBsAg (Pos/Neg) Anti-HBs (Pos/Neg) HBeAg (Pos/Neg) Anti-HBe (Pos/Neg) Anti-HBc (Pos/Neg) HBV-DNA (IU/mL, < 20) Cirrhosis Use of nucleoside analogue
      1 38 Male Pos NA NA NA NA 100.0
      2 54 Male Pos NA NA NA NA NA
      3 74 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos < 20 Yes Yes
      4 36 Female Pos Neg Neg Neg Pos 211.0
      5 48 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 235.0
      6 60 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos < 20
      7 72 Female Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 40, 500.0
      8 56 Female Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 40.6 Yes
      9 57 Male Pos NA NA NA NA NA
      10 39 Male Pos NA NA NA NA 657.0
      11 50 Female Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 2180.0
      12 49 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 89.0
      13 59 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos < 20
      14 77 Male Pos Neg Neg Pos Pos 166.0 Yes Yes
      15 28 Female Pos Neg Pos Neg Pos 1340.0
      Bold indicates the value of HBV-DNA > 20 IU/mL and is considered as positive
      NA Data not available, Pos positive; Neg negative

      Table 2.  Hepatitis B serological markers, cirrhosis and nucleoside analogue use of COVID-19 patients co-infected with HBV.