Groups	Concentration (μg/mL)	Optical density	Cell survival rate	Inhibitory rate
GQP	31.2	0.518±0.040	65.8^★★	52.1
	15.6	0.457±0.041	58.1^★★▲	41.3^▲
	7.8	0.401±0.028	51.0^★★▲▲	31.3^▲▲
	3.9	0.341±0.029	43.4^★★▲▲	20.8^▲▲
Ribavirin	15.6	0.503±0.035	63.9^★★	49.5
Normal cell	-	0.787±0.041	100^★★	-
Virus control	-	0.225±0.012	28.6	0
GQP or ribavirin was added to Vero cells at the time of EV71 infection (t = 0) except for “Normal cell” and “Virus control” and then incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO₂ incubator. When the cytopathic effect (CPE) in the ‘Virus control’ well had reached +++ (when CPE was evident in 50%-75% of the Vero cells) and the cells of the ‘Normal cell’ group were normal, the MTT assay was used to determine.A_{490 nm} . Inhibitory rate (%) = (A_agent - A_{Virus control} ) / (A_{cell control} - A_{Virus control}) ×100%. x±SD, n=3. ^★★P < 0.01, compared to “Virus control”; ^▲▲P < 0.01, compared to “Ribavirin”; ^▲P < 0.05, compared to “Ribavirin”.

Table 1. Direct inactivation effect of GQP upon EV71 (n = 3x±SD)

Groups	Concentration (μg/mL)	Optical density	Cell survival rate（%）	Inhibitory rate（%）
GQP	31.2	0.747±0.082	94.2^★★▲▲	91.6^▲▲
	15.6	0.681±0.058	85.8^★★▲▲	79.6^▲▲
	7.8	0.597±0.043	75.3^★★▲▲	64.4^▲▲
	3.9	0.506±0.045	63.8^★★▲▲	47.8^▲▲
Ribavirin	15.6	0.391±0.035	49.3^★★	26.9
Normal cell	-	0.793±0.041	100^★★	-
Virus control	-	0.243±0.012	30.6	0
GQP or ribavirin was added to Vero cells 2 h prior to viral infection (t = -2) except for “Normal cell” and “Virus control”. Incubation was at 37 ℃ in 5% CO₂ incubator. x±SD, n=3. ^★★P < 0.01, compared to “Virus control”; ^▲▲P < 0.01, compared to “Ribavirin”.

Table 2. The preventative effect of GQP upon EV71 adsorption to Vero cells (n=3 x ± SD)

Groups	Concentration (μg/mL)	Optical density	Cell survival rate（%）	Inhibitory rate（%）
GQP	31.2	0.651±0.056	82.1^★★▲▲	74.2^▲▲
	15.6	0.598±0.040	75.4^★★▲▲	64.5^▲▲
	7.8	0.521±0.046	65.6^★★▲	50.5^▲▲
	3.9	0.456±0.029	57.5^★★	38.7^▲
Ribavirin	15.6	0.483±0.035	60.9^★★	43.6
Normal cell	-	0.793±0.041	100^★★	-
Virus control	-	0.243±0.012	30.6	0
GQP or ribavirin was added to Vero cells 2 h after EV71 infection (t = +2) except for “Normal cell” and “Virus control” and incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2 incubator. x±SD, n=3. ^★★P < 0.01, compared to “Virus control”; ^▲▲P < 0.01, compared to “Ribavirin”; ^▲P < 0.05, compared to “Ribavirin”.

Table 3. The inhibitory effect of GQP on EV71 proliferation in Vero cells (n=3 x ± SD)