-
Abraha A, Troyer R M, Quinones-Mateu M E. Methods to determine hiv-1 ex vivo fitness[J]. Methods Mol Biol, 2005, 304(): 355-368.
-
Ahmad N. Molecular mechanisms of hiv-1 mother-to-child transmission and infection in neonatal target cells[J]. Life Sci, 2010, (): -.
-
Anonymous . Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of hiv-1: A meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies[J]. AIDS, 2001, 15(3): 357-368. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200102160-00009
-
Arien K K, Troyer R M, Gali Y. Replicative fitness of historical and recent hiv-1 isolates suggests hiv-1 attenuation over time[J]. AIDS, 2005, 19(15): 1555-1564. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000185989.16477.91
-
Arien K K, Abraha A, Quinones-Mateu M E. The replicative fitness of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) group m, hiv-1 group o, and hiv-2 isolates[J]. J Virol, 2005, 79(14): 8979-8990. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.14.8979-8990.2005
-
Arien K K, Gali Y, El-Abdellati A. Replicative fitness of ccr5-using and cxcr4-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 biological clones[J]. Virology, 2006, 347(1): 65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.11.045
-
Asjo B, Morfeldt-Manson L, Albert J. Replicative capacity of human immunodeficiency virus from patients with varying severity of hiv infection[J]. Lancet, 1986, 2(8508): 660-662.
-
Ball S C, Abraha A, Collins K R. Comparing the ex vivo fitness of ccr5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of subtypes b and c[J]. J Virol, 2003, 77(2): 1021-1038. doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.2.1021-1038.2003
-
Behets F M, Matendo R, Vaz L M. Preventing vertical transmission of hiv in kinshasa, democratic republic of the congo: A baseline survey of 18 antenatal clinics[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2006, 84(12): 969-975. doi: 10.2471/BLT.00.000000
-
Bhoopat L, Khunamornpong S, Sirivatanapa P. Chorioamnionitis is associated with placental transmission of human immunodeficiency virus-1 subtype e in the early gestational period[J]. Mod Pathol, 2005, 18(10): 1357-1364. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.3800418
-
Biesinger T, White R, Yu Kimata M T. Relative replication capacity of phenotypic siv variants during primary infections differs with route of inoculation[J]. Retrovirology, 2010, 7(): 88-. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-88
-
Biggar R J, Taha T E, Hoover D R. Higher in utero and perinatal hiv infection risk in girls than boys[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2006, 41(4): 509-513. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000191283.85578.46
-
Birkhead G S, Pulver W P, Warren B L. Progress in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hiv in new york state: 1988-2008[J]. J Public Health Manag Pract, 2010, 16(6): 481-491. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181ee9af1
-
Bulterys P L, Dalai S C, Katzenstein D A. Viral sequence analysis from hiv-infected mothers and infants: Molecular evolution, diversity, and risk factors for mother-to-child transmission[J]. Clin Perinatol, 2010, 37(4): 739-750, ⅷ. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2010.08.003
-
Cavarelli M, Karlsson I, Zanchetta M. Hiv-1 with multiple ccr5/cxcr4 chimeric receptor use is predictive of immunological failure in infected children[J]. PLoS One, 2008, 3(9): e3292-. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003292
-
Centers for Diease Control . Update on acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-united states[J]. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 1982, 31(37): 504-513.
-
Chen K T, Segu M, Lumey L H. Genital herpes simplex virus infection and perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus[J]. Obstet Gynecol, 2005, 106(6): 1341-1348. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000185917.90004.7c
-
Chun T W, Carruth L, Finzi D. Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in hiv-1 infection[J]. Nature, 1997, 387(6629): 183-188. doi: 10.1038/387183a0
-
Contag C H, Ehrnst A, Duda J. Mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 involving five envelope sequence subtypes[J]. J Virol, 1997, 71(2): 1292-1300.
-
De Cock K M, Fowler M G, Mercier E. Prevention of mother-to-child hiv transmission in resource-poor countries: Translating research into policy and practice[J]. JAMA, 2000, 283(9): 1175-1182. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.9.1175
-
Dickover R, Garratty E, Yusim K. Role of maternal autologous neutralizing antibody in selective perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape variants[J]. J Virol, 2006, 80(13): 6525-6533. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02658-05
-
Dickover R E, Garratty E M, Herman S A. Identification of levels of maternal hiv-1 rna associated with risk of perinatal transmission[J]. Effect of maternal zidovudine treatment on viral load. JAMA, 1996, 275(8): 599-605.
-
Domingo E, Holland J J. Rna virus mutations and fitness for survival[J]. Annu Rev Microbiol, 1997, 51(): 151-178. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.51.1.151
-
Drake A L, John-Stewart G C, Wald A. Herpes simplex virus type 2 and risk of intrapartum human immunodeficiency virus transmission[J]. Obstet Gynecol, 2007, 109(2 Pt 1): 403-409.
-
Fawzi W, Msamanga G, Renjifo B. Predictors of intrauterine and intrapartum transmission of hiv-1 among tanzanian women[J]. AIDS, 2001, 15(9): 1157-1165. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200106150-00011
-
Fordyce E J, Singh T P, Nash D. Survival rates in nyc in the era of combination art[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2002, 30(1): 111-118. doi: 10.1097/00042560-200205010-00015
-
Frost S D, Liu Y, Pond S L. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) envelope variation and neutralizing antibody responses during transmission of hiv-1 subtype b[J]. J Virol, 2005, 79(10): 6523-6527. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.10.6523-6527.2005
-
Galli L, Puliti D, Chiappini E. Lower mother-to-child hiv-1 transmission in boys is independent of type of delivery and antiretroviral prophylaxis: The italian register for hiv infection in children[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2005, 40(4): 479-485. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000164247.49098.0e
-
Ganesh L, Leung K, Lore K. Infection of specific dendritic cells by ccr5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promotes cell-mediated transmission of virus resistant to broadly neutralizing antibodies[J]. J Virol, 2004, 78(21): 11980-11987. doi: 10.1128/JVI.78.21.11980-11987.2004
-
Garcia P M, Kalish L A, Pitt J. Maternal levels of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 rna and the risk of perinatal transmission[J]. Women and infants transmission study group. N Engl J Med, 1999, 341(6): 394-402.
-
Gonzalez N, Perez-Olmeda M, Mateos E. A sensitive phenotypic assay for the determination of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tropism[J]. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2010, 65(12): 2493-2501. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq379
-
Ho D D, Neumann A U, Perelson A S. Rapid turnover of plasma virions and cd4 lymphocytes in hiv-1 infection[J]. Nature, 1995, 373(6510): 123-126. doi: 10.1038/373123a0
-
Ho S K, Coman R M, Bunger J C. Drug-associated changes in amino acid residues in gag p2, p7(nc), and p6(gag)/p6(pol) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) display a dominant effect on replicative fitness and drug response[J]. Virology, 2008, 378(2): 272-281. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.05.029
-
John-Stewart G, Mbori-Ngacha D, Ekpini R. Breast-feeding and transmission of hiv-1[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2004, 35(2): 196-202. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200402010-00015
-
Kong X, West J T, Zhang H. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope confers higher rates of replicative fitness to perinatally transmitted viruses than to nontransmitted viruses[J]. J Virol, 2008, 82(23): 11609-11618. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00952-08
-
Koopman J, Simon C, Jacquez J. Sexual partner selectiveness effects on homosexual hiv transmission dynamics[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 1988, 1(5): 486-504.
-
Kwiek, Mwapasa, Milner, Jr.. Maternal-fetal microtransfusions and hiv-1 mother-to-child transmission in malawi[J]. PLoS Med, 2006, 3(1): e10-.
-
Lagaye S, Derrien M, Menu E. Cell-to-cell contact results in a selective translocation of maternal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasispecies across a trophoblastic barrier by both transcytosis and infection[J]. J Virol, 2001, 75(10): 4780-4791. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.10.4780-4791.2001
-
Lehman D A, Farquhar C. Biological mechanisms of vertical human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) transmission[J]. Rev Med Virol, 2007, 17(6): 381-403. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1654
-
Lewin S R, Vesanen M, Kostrikis L. Use of real-time pcr and molecular beacons to detect virus replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals on prolonged effective antiretroviral therapy[J]. J Virol, 1999, 73(7): 6099-6103.
-
Lewis S H, Reynolds-Kohler C, Fox H E. Hiv-1 in trophoblastic and villous hofbauer cells, and haematological precursors in eight-week fetuses[J]. Lancet, 1990, 335(8689): 565-568. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)90349-A
-
Linghong Wang A W, Liwen Fang. Epidemic situation and prevention of hiv mtct[J]. Maternal And Child Health Care Of China, 2005, 20(03): 4-8.
-
Mansky L M, Temin H M. Lower in vivo mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 than that predicted from the fidelity of purified reverse transcriptase[J]. J Virol, 1995, 69(8): 5087-5094.
-
Medley A, Garcia-Moreno C, Mcgill S. Rates, barriers and outcomes of hiv serostatus disclosure among women in developing countries: Implications for prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2004, 82(4): 299-307.
-
Moore J P, Kitchen S G, Pugach P. The ccr5 and cxcr4 coreceptors--central to understanding the transmission and pathogenesis of human immuno-deficiency virus type 1 infection[J]. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2004, 20(1): 111-126. doi: 10.1089/088922204322749567
-
Mouko A, Mbika-Cardorelle A, Mboungou V, et al. 2009. [orphans in brazzaville orphanages]. Sante, 19 (1): 21-23.
-
Mwanyumba F, Gaillard P, Inion I. Placental inflammation and perinatal transmission of hiv-1[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2002, 29(3): 262-269. doi: 10.1097/00042560-200203010-00006
-
Mwapasa V, Rogerson S J, Kwiek J J. Maternal syphilis infection is associated with increased risk of mother-to-child transmission of hiv in malawi[J]. AIDS, 2006, 20(14): 1869-1877. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000244206.41500.27
-
Nduati R, John G, Mbori-Ngacha D. Effect of breastfeeding and formula feeding on transmission of hiv-1: A randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2000, 283(9): 1167-1174. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.9.1167
-
Ostergren M, Malyuta R. Elimination of hiv infection in infants in europe--challenges and demand for response[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med, 2006, 11(1): 54-57. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2005.10.008
-
Rodriguez M A, Ding M, Ratner D. High replication fitness and transmission efficiency of hiv-1 subtype c from india: Implications for subtype c predominance[J]. Virology, 2009, 385(2): 416-424. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2008.12.025
-
Rousseau C M, Nduati R W, Richardson B A. Association of levels of hiv-1-infected breast milk cells and risk of mother-to-child transmission[J]. J Infect Dis, 2004, 190(10): 1880-1888. doi: 10.1086/jid.2004.190.issue-10
-
Ryland E G, Tang Y, Christie C D. Sequence evolution of hiv-1 following mother-to-child transmission[J]. J Virol, 2010, 84(23): 12437-12444. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01617-10
-
Scarlatti G. Mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1: Advances and controversies of the twentieth centuries[J]. AIDS Rev, 2004, 6(2): 67-78.
-
Scarlatti G, Leitner T, Hodara V. Neutralizing antibodies and viral characteristics in mother-to-child transmission of hiv-1[J]. AIDS, 1993, 7(Suppl 2): S45-48.
-
Taha T E, Nour S, Kumwenda N I. Gender differences in perinatal hiv acquisition among african infants[J]. Pediatrics, 2005, 115(2): e167-172. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-1590
-
Valente P, Main E K. Role of the placenta in perinatal transmission of hiv[J]. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am, 1990, 17(3): 607-616.
-
Van't Wout A B, Kootstra N A, Mulder-Kampinga G A. Macrophage-tropic variants initiate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection after sexual, parenteral, and vertical transmission[J]. J Clin Invest, 1994, 94(5): 2060-2067. doi: 10.1172/JCI117560
-
Wabwire-Mangen F, Gray R H, Mmiro F A. Placental membrane inflammation and risks of maternal-to-child transmission of hiv-1 in uganda[J]. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 1999, 22(4): 379-385. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199912010-00009
-
Weber J, Weberova J, Carobene M. Use of a novel assay based on intact recombinant viruses expressing green (egfp) or red (dsred2) fluorescent proteins to examine the contribution of pol and env genes to overall hiv-1 replicative fitness[J]. J Virol Methods, 2006, 136(1-2): 102-117. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.04.004
-
Wolinsky S M, Wike C M, Korber B T. Selective transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 variants from mothers to infants[J]. Science, 1992, 255(5048): 1134-1137. doi: 10.1126/science.1546316