Molecular analysis of Coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from three outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 1988, 1994 and 2007 in Beijing, China

Junhan Li; Fang Huang; Yong Zhang; Tianjiao Ji; Shuangli Zhu; Dongyan Wang; Zhenzhi Han; Jinbo Xiao; Fenfen Si; Wenbo Xu; Dongmei Yan

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.024

April 2022

Citation: Junhan Li, Fang Huang, Yong Zhang, Tianjiao Ji, Shuangli Zhu, Dongyan Wang, Zhenzhi Han, Jinbo Xiao, Fenfen Si, Wenbo Xu, Dongmei Yan. Molecular analysis of Coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from three outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 1988, 1994 and 2007 in Beijing, China .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(2) : 168-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.01.024

Molecular analysis of Coxsackievirus A24 variant isolates from three outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 1988, 1994 and 2007 in Beijing, China

Junhan Li ^a,b ,
Fang Huang ^c ,
Yong Zhang ^a,d ,
Tianjiao Ji ^a ,
Shuangli Zhu ^a ,
Dongyan Wang ^a ,
Zhenzhi Han ^a ,
Jinbo Xiao ^a ,
Fenfen Si ^a ,
Wenbo Xu ^a,d ,
Dongmei Yan ^{a
,,}

a National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosecurity, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China

Corresponding author: Dongmei Yan, dongmeiyan1976@163.com
Received Date: 28 January 2021
Accepted Date: 14 January 2022
Available online: 22 January 2022

Abstract

Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) is a major pathogen that causes continued outbreaks and pandemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC). In China, the first confirmed outbreak of CVA24v-related AHC occurred in Beijing in 1988, followed by another two significant outbreaks respectively in 1994 and 2007, which coincides with the three-stage dynamic distribution of AHC in the world after 1970s. To illustrate the genetic characteristics of CVA24v in different periods, a total of 23 strains were isolated from those three outbreaks and the whole genome of those isolations were sequenced and analyzed. Compared with the prototype strain, the 23 strains shared four nucleotide deletions in the 5' UTR except the 0744 strain isolated in 2007. And at the 98th site, one nucleotide insertion was found in all the strains collected from 2007. From 1994 to 2007, amino acid polarity in the VP1 region at the 25th and the 32nd site were changed. Both the 3C and VP1 phylogenetic tree indicated that isolates from 1988 and 1994 belonged to Genotype III (GIII), and 2007 strains to Genotype IV (GIV). According to the Bayesian analysis based on complete genome sequence, the most recent common ancestors for the isolates in 1988, 1994 and 2007 were respectively estimated around October 1987, February 1993 and December 2004. The evolutionary rate of the CVA24v was estimated to be 7.45×10^-3 substitutions/site/year. Our study indicated that the early epidemic of CVA24v in Chinese mainland was the GIII. Point mutations and amino acid changes in different genotypes of CVA24v may generate intensity differences of the AHC outbreak. CVA24v has been evolving constantly with a relatively rapid rate.
- Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v)
- , Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC)
- , Phylogenetic analysis
- , Complete genome sequence

Electronic Supplementary Material

10.1016j.virs.2022.01.024-ESM.docx
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