Citation: Tiandan Xiang, Junzhong Wang, Xin Zheng. The humoral and cellular immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and sub-lineages .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 37(6) : 786-795.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2022.11.007

The humoral and cellular immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and sub-lineages

  • Corresponding author: Xin Zheng, xinz@hust.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 01 August 2022
    Accepted Date: 18 November 2022
    Available online: 23 November 2022
  • The recently discovered SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron (B.1.1.529) has rapidly become a global public health issue. The substantial mutations in the spike protein in this new variant have raised concerns about its ability to escape from pre-existing immunity established by natural infection or vaccination. In this review, we give a summary of current knowledge concerning the antibody evasion properties of Omicron and its subvariants (BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4/5, and BA.2.75) from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and the sera of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients or convalescent patients. We also summarize whether vaccine-induced cellular immunity (memory B cell and T cell response) can recognize Omicron specifically. In brief, the Omicron variants demonstrated remarkable antibody evasion, with even more striking antibody escape seen in the Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sub-lineages. Luckily, the third booster vaccine dose significantly increased the neutralizing antibodies titers, and the vaccine-induced cellular response remains conserved and provides second-line defense against the Omicron.

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    The humoral and cellular immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and sub-lineages

      Corresponding author: Xin Zheng, xinz@hust.edu.cn
    • a Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China;
    • b Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China

    Abstract: The recently discovered SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron (B.1.1.529) has rapidly become a global public health issue. The substantial mutations in the spike protein in this new variant have raised concerns about its ability to escape from pre-existing immunity established by natural infection or vaccination. In this review, we give a summary of current knowledge concerning the antibody evasion properties of Omicron and its subvariants (BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4/5, and BA.2.75) from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and the sera of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients or convalescent patients. We also summarize whether vaccine-induced cellular immunity (memory B cell and T cell response) can recognize Omicron specifically. In brief, the Omicron variants demonstrated remarkable antibody evasion, with even more striking antibody escape seen in the Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sub-lineages. Luckily, the third booster vaccine dose significantly increased the neutralizing antibodies titers, and the vaccine-induced cellular response remains conserved and provides second-line defense against the Omicron.

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