-
Alkhilaiwi F, Wang L, Zhou D, Raudsepp T, Ghosh S, Paul S, Palechor-Ceron N, Brandt S, Luff J, Liu X, Schlegel R, Yuan H (2018) Long-term expansion of primary equine keratinocytes that maintain the ability to differentiate into stratified epidermis. Stem Cell Res Ther 9:181
doi: 10.1186/s13287-018-0918-x
-
Alkhilaiwi F, Paul S, Zhou D, Zhang X, Wang F, Palechor-Ceron N, Wilson K, Guha R, Ferrer M, Grant N, Thomas C, Schlegel R, Yuan H (2019) High-throughput screening identifies candidate drugs for the treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Papillomavirus Res 8:100181
doi: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.100181
-
Borodovsky A, McQuiston TJ, Stetson D, Ahmed A, Whitston D, Zhang J, Grondine M, Lawson D, Challberg SS, Zinda M, Pollok BA, Dougherty BA, D'Cruz CM (2017) Generation of stable PDX derived cell lines using conditional reprogramming. Mol Cancer 16:177
doi: 10.1186/s12943-017-0745-1
-
Brewington JJ, Filbrandt ET, LaRosa FJ 3rd, Moncivaiz JD, Ostmann AJ, Strecker LM, Clancy JP (2018) Generation of human nasal epithelial cell spheroids for individualized cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator study. J Vis Exp 134:57492
doi: 10.3791/57492
-
Chafekar A, Fielding BC (2018) MERS-CoV: understanding the latest human coronavirus threat. Viruses 10(2):93
doi: 10.3390/v10020093
-
Chai J, Han L, Zhang J, Han D, Zou L, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Guo H (2020) Conditional reprogramming inducing clinical cells proliferation: new research tools in tumor and inflammatory-related diseases. Curr Pharm Des.https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200316155252
doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200316155252
-
Chan RW, Chan MC, Nicholls JM, Malik Peiris JS (2013) Use of ex vivo and in vitro cultures of the human respiratory tract to study the tropism and host responses of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) and other influenza viruses. Virus Res 178:133–145
doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.03.003
-
Feng W, Guo J, Huang H, Xia B, Liu H, Li J, Lin S, Li T, Liu J, Li H (2015) Human normal bronchial epithelial cells: a novel in vitro cell model for toxicity evaluation. PLoS ONE 10:e0123520
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123520
-
Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC, Du B, Li LJ, Zeng G, Yuen KY, Chen RC, Tang CL, Wang T, Chen PY, Xiang J, Li SY, Wang JL, Liang ZJ, Peng YX, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu YH, Peng P, Wang JM, Liu JY, Chen Z, Li G, Zheng ZJ, Qiu SQ, Luo J, Ye CJ, Zhu SY, Zhong NS, China Medical Treatment Expert Group for C (2020) Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 382:1708–1720
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
-
Guo Y, Rumschlag-Booms E, Wang J, Xiao H, Yu J, Wang J, Guo L, Gao GF, Cao Y, Caffrey M, Rong L (2009) Analysis of hemagglutinin-mediated entry tropism of H5N1 avian influenza. Virol J 6:39
doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-6-39
-
Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis ML, Lely AT, Navis G, van Goor H (2004) Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol 203:631–637
doi: 10.1002/path.1570
-
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B (2020) Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 395:497–506
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
-
Jin L, Qu Y, Gomez LJ, Chung S, Han B, Gao B, Yue Y, Gong Y, Liu X, Amersi F, Dang C, Giuliano AE, Cui X (2018) Characterization of primary human mammary epithelial cells isolated and propagated by conditional reprogrammed cell culture. Oncotarget 9:11503–11514
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.23817
-
Kaye M (2006) SARS-associated coronavirus replication in cell lines. Emerg Infect Dis 12:128–133
doi: 10.3201/eid1201.050496
-
Kong SL, Chui P, Lim B, Salto-Tellez M (2009) Elucidating the molecular physiopathology of acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe acute respiratory syndrome patients. Virus Res 145:260–269
doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.07.014
-
Kowolik CM, Liang S, Yu Y, Yee JK (2004) Cre-mediated reversible immortalization of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Oncogene 23:5950–5957
doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207801
-
Krawczyk E, Hong SH, Galli S, Trinh E, Wietlisbach L, Misiukiewicz SF, Tilan JU, Chen YS, Schlegel R, Kitlinska J (2020) Murine neuroblastoma cell lines developed by conditional reprogramming preserve heterogeneous phenotypes observed in vivo. Lab Invest 100:38–51
doi: 10.1038/s41374-019-0297-7
-
Lee GY, Kenny PA, Lee EH, Bissell MJ (2007) Three-dimensional culture models of normal and malignant breast epithelial cells. Nat Methods 4:359–365
doi: 10.1038/nmeth1015
-
Li Z, Wu M, Guo J, Yao J, Liao X, Song S, Han M, Li J, Duan G, Zhou Y, Wu X, Zhou Z, Wang T, Hu M, Chen X, Fu Y, Lei C, Dong H, Zhou Y, Jia H, Chen X, Yan J (2020) Caution on kidney dysfunctions of 2019-nCoV patients. MedRxiv.https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.08.20021212:2020.2002.2008.20021212
doi: 10.1101/2020.02.08.20021212:2020.2002.2008.20021212
-
Ling Y, Xu SB, Lin YX, Tian D, Zhu ZQ, Dai FH, Wu F, Song ZG, Huang W, Chen J, Hu BJ, Wang S, Mao EQ, Zhu L, Zhang WH, Lu HZ (2020) Persistence and clearance of viral RNA in 2019 novel coronavirus disease rehabilitation patients. Chin Med J (Engl) 133:1039–1043
doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000774
-
Liu X, Ory V, Chapman S, Yuan H, Albanese C, Kallakury B, Timofeeva OA, Nealon C, Dakic A, Simic V, Haddad BR, Rhim JS, Dritschilo A, Riegel A, McBride A, Schlegel R (2012) ROCK inhibitor and feeder cells induce the conditional reprogramming of epithelial cells. Am J Pathol 180:599–607
doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.10.036
-
Liu X, Krawczyk E, Suprynowicz FA, Palechor-Ceron N, Yuan H, Dakic A, Simic V, Zheng YL, Sripadhan P, Chen C, Lu J, Hou TW, Choudhury S, Kallakury B, Tang DG, Darling T, Thangapazham R, Timofeeva O, Dritschilo A, Randell SH, Albanese C, Agarwal S, Schlegel R (2017) Conditional reprogramming and long-term expansion of normal and tumor cells from human biospecimens. Nat Protoc 12:439–451
doi: 10.1038/nprot.2016.174
-
Lu H, Stratton CW, Tang YW (2020) Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: the mystery and the miracle. J Med Virol 92:401–402
doi: 10.1002/jmv.25678
-
Moorefield EC, Blue RE, Quinney NL, Gentzsch M, Ding S (2018) Generation of renewable mouse intestinal epithelial cell monolayers and organoids for functional analyses. BMC Cell Biol 19:15
doi: 10.1186/s12860-018-0165-0
-
Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell M, Perlman S (2008) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol 82:7264–7275
doi: 10.1128/JVI.00737-08
-
Nicolas N, Upadhyay G, Velena A, Kallakury B, Rhim JS, Dritschilo A, Jung M (2019) African–American prostate normal and cancer cells for health disparities research. Adv Exp Med Biol 1164:101–108
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_8
-
Orosz DE, Woost PG, Kolb RJ, Finesilver MB, Jin W, Frisa PS, Choo CK, Yau CF, Chan KW, Resnick MI, Douglas JG, Edwards JC, Jacobberger JW, Hopfer U (2004) Growth, immortalization, and differentiation potential of normal adult human proximal tubule cells. Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 40:22–34
doi: 10.1290/1543-706X(2004)40<22:GIADPO>2.0.CO;2
-
Palechor-Ceron N, Krawczyk E, Dakic A, Simic V, Yuan H, Blancato J, Wang W, Hubbard F, Zheng YL, Dan H, Strome S, Cullen K, Davidson B, Deeken JF, Choudhury S, Ahn PH, Agarwal S, Zhou X, Schlegel R, Furth PA, Pan CX, Liu X (2019) Conditional reprogramming for patient-derived cancer models and next-generation living biobanks. Cells 8(11):1327
doi: 10.3390/cells8111327
-
Pan XW, Xu D, Zhang H, Zhou W, Wang LH, Cui XG (2020) Identification of a potential mechanism of acute kidney injury during the Covid-19 outbreak: a study based on single-cell transcriptome analysis. Intensive Care Med 46:1114–1116
doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06026-1
-
Peters-Hall JR, Coquelin ML, Torres MJ, LaRanger R, Alabi BR, Sho S, Calva-Moreno JF, Thomas PJ, Shay JW (2018) Long-term culture and cloning of primary human bronchial basal cells that maintain multipotent differentiation capacity and CFTR channel function. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 315:L313–L327
doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00355.2017
-
Peters-Hall JR, Min J, Tedone E, Sho S, Siteni S, Mender I, Shay JW (2020) Proliferation of adult human bronchial epithelial cells without a telomere maintenance mechanism for over 200 population doublings. FASEB J 34:386–398
doi: 10.1096/fj.201902376R
-
Phillips AO (2003) The role of renal proximal tubular cells in diabetic nephropathy. Curr Diab Rep 3:491–496
doi: 10.1007/s11892-003-0013-1
-
Racusen LC, Monteil C, Sgrignoli A, Lucskay M, Marouillat S, Rhim JG, Morin JP (1997) Cell lines with extended in vitro growth potential from human renal proximal tubule: characterization, response to inducers, and comparison with established cell lines. J Lab Clin Med 129:318–329
doi: 10.1016/S0022-2143(97)90180-3
-
Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, Zimmer T, Thiel V, Janke C, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Drosten C, Vollmar P, Zwirglmaier K, Zange S, Wolfel R, Hoelscher M (2020) Transmission of 2019-nCoV infection from an asymptomatic contact in Germany. N Engl J Med 382:970–971
doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2001468
-
Ryan MJ, Johnson G, Kirk J, Fuerstenberg SM, Zager RA, Torok-Storb B (1994) HK-2: an immortalized proximal tubule epithelial cell line from normal adult human kidney. Kidney Int 45:48–57
doi: 10.1038/ki.1994.6
-
Saenz FR, Ory V, AlOtaiby M, Rosenfield S, Furlong M, Cavalli LR, Johnson MD, Liu X, Schlegel R, Wellstein A, Riegel AT (2014) Conditionally reprogrammed normal and transformed mouse mammary epithelial cells display a progenitor-cell-like phenotype. PLoS ONE 9:e97666
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097666
-
Sayej WN, Foster C, Jensen T, Chatfield S, Finck C (2018) Expanding and characterizing esophageal epithelial cells obtained from children with eosinophilic esophagitis. Pediatr Res 84:306–313
doi: 10.1038/s41390-018-0033-9
-
Simmons G, Reeves JD, Rennekamp AJ, Amberg SM, Piefer AJ, Bates P (2004) Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike glycoprotein-mediated viral entry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:4240–4245
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0306446101
-
Singhal T (2020) A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J Pediatr.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
-
Smith PL, Buffington DA, Humes HD (2006) Kidney epithelial cells. Methods Enzymol 419:194–207
doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(06)19009-6
-
Smits SL, van den Brand JM, de Lang A, Leijten LM, van Ijcken WF, van Amerongen G, Osterhaus AD, Andeweg AC, Haagmans BL (2011) Distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-induced acute lung injury pathways in two different nonhuman primate species. J Virol 85:4234–4245
doi: 10.1128/JVI.02395-10
-
Stewart BJ, Ferdinand JR, Young MD, Mitchell TJ, Loudon KW, Riding AM, Richoz N, Frazer GL, Staniforth JUL, Vieira Braga FA, Botting RA, Popescu DM, Vento-Tormo R, Stephenson E, Cagan A, Farndon SJ, Polanski K, Efremova M, Green K, Del Castillo V-H, Guzzo C, Collord G, Mamanova L, Aho T, Armitage JN, Riddick ACP, Mushtaq I, Farrell S, Rampling D, Nicholson J, Filby A, Burge J, Lisgo S, Lindsay S, Bajenoff M, Warren AY, Stewart GD, Sebire N, Coleman N, Haniffa M, Teichmann SA, Behjati S, Clatworthy MR (2019) Spatiotemporal immune zonation of the human kidney. Science 365:1461–1466
doi: 10.1126/science.aat5031
-
Suprynowicz FA, Upadhyay G, Krawczyk E, Kramer SC, Hebert JD, Liu X, Yuan H, Cheluvaraju C, Clapp PW, Boucher RC Jr, Kamonjoh CM, Randell SH, Schlegel R (2012) Conditionally reprogrammed cells represent a stem-like state of adult epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:20035–20040
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1213241109
-
Wan ACA (2019) Primitive cancer cell states: a target for drug screening? Trends Pharmacol Sci 40:161–171
doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.01.003
-
Wang H, Yang P, Liu K, Guo F, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Jiang C (2008) SARS coronavirus entry into host cells through a novel clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytic pathway. Cell Res 18:290–301
doi: 10.1038/cr.2008.15
-
Wang L, Ye L, Wei G, Chen Y, Ye L, Wu X, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Yin G, Long X, Li H (2018) Conditional reprogrammed human limbal epithelial cells represent a novel in vitro cell model for drug responses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 499:735–742
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.168
-
Wang Z, Bi B, Song H, Liu L, Zheng H, Wang S, Shen Z (2019) Proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells from surgically resected specimens under conditionally reprogrammed culture. Mol Med Rep 19:4623–4630
doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10160
-
Wang T, Du Z, Zhu F, Cao Z, An Y, Gao Y, Jiang B (2020) Comorbidities and multi-organ injuries in the treatment of COVID-19. Lancet 395:e2
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32505-X
-
Wang Y, Liao H, Zheng T, Wang J, Guo D, Lu Z, Li Z, Chen Y, Shen L, Zhang Y, Gao J (2020) Conditionally reprogrammed colorectal cancer cells combined with mouse avatars identify synergy between EGFR and MEK or CDK4/6 inhibitors. Am J Cancer Res 10:249–262
-
Wang Z, Yang B, Li Q, Wen L, Zhang R (2020) Clinical features of 69 cases with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan China. Clin Infect Dis.https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa272
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa272
-
World Heath Organization (WHO) (2020a) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 51
-
World Heath Organization (WHO) (2020b) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report – 58
-
Wieser M, Stadler G, Jennings P, Streubel B, Pfaller W, Ambros P, Riedl C, Katinger H, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R (2008) hTERT alone immortalizes epithelial cells of renal proximal tubules without changing their functional characteristics. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 295:F1365–1375
doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.90405.2008
-
Wolf S, Perez GF, Mukharesh L, Isaza N, Preciado D, Freishtat RJ, Pillai D, Rose MC, Nino G (2017) Conditional reprogramming of pediatric airway epithelial cells: A new human model to investigate early-life respiratory disorders. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 28:810–817
doi: 10.1111/pai.12810
-
Wolfel R, Corman VM, Guggemos W, Seilmaier M, Zange S, Muller MA, Niemeyer D, Jones TC, Vollmar P, Rothe C, Hoelscher M, Bleicker T, Brunink S, Schneider J, Ehmann R, Zwirglmaier K, Drosten C, Wendtner C (2020) Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. Nature 581:465–469
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2196-x
-
Wu Z, McGoogan JM (2020) Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA.https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648
-
Wu F, Zhao S, Yu B, Chen YM, Wang W, Song ZG, Hu Y, Tao ZW, Tian JH, Pei YY, Yuan ML, Zhang YL, Dai FH, Liu Y, Wang QM, Zheng JJ, Xu L, Holmes EC, Zhang YZ (2020) A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China. Nature 579:265–269
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3
-
Xie C, Jiang L, Huang G, Pu H, Gong B, Lin H, Ma S, Chen X, Long B, Si G, Yu H, Jiang L, Yang X, Shi Y, Yang Z (2020) Comparison of different samples for 2019 novel coronavirus detection by nucleic acid amplification tests. Int J Infect Dis 93:264–267
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.050
-
Xu L, Liu J, Lu M, Yang D, Zheng X (2020b) Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections. Liver Int 40:998–1004
doi: 10.1111/liv.14435
-
Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang C, Liu S, Zhao P, Liu H, Zhu L, Tai Y, Bai C, Gao T, Song J, Xia P, Dong J, Zhao J, Wang FS (2020c) Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 8:420–422
doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
-
Yang XH, Deng W, Tong Z, Liu YX, Zhang LF, Zhu H, Gao H, Huang L, Liu YL, Ma CM, Xu YF, Ding MX, Deng HK, Qin C (2007) Mice transgenic for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 provide a model for SARS coronavirus infection. Comp Med 57:450–459
-
Yang S, Cao P, Du P, Wu Z, Zhuang Z, Yang L, Yu X, Zhou Q, Feng X, Wang X, Li W, Liu E, Chen J, Chen Y, He D (2020a) Early estimation of the case fatality rate of COVID-19 in mainland China: a data-driven analysis. Ann Transl Med 8:128
doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.66
-
Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y, Pan S, Zou X, Yuan S, Shang Y (2020b) Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med 8:475–481
doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
-
Yao XH, Li TY, He ZC, Ping YF, Liu HW, Yu SC, Mou HM, Wang LH, Zhang HR, Fu WJ, Luo T, Liu F, Chen C, Xiao HL, Guo HT, Lin S, Xiang DF, Shi Y, Li QR, Huang X, Cui Y, Li XZ, Tang W, Pan PF, Huang XQ, Ding YQ, Bian XW (2020) A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 49:E009
-
Ye G, Pan Z, Pan Y, Deng Q, Chen L, Li J, Li Y, Wang X (2020) Clinical characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reactivation. J Infect 80:e14–e17
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.001
-
Young BE, Ong SWX, Kalimuddin S, Low JG, Tan SY, Loh J, Ng OT, Marimuthu K, Ang LW, Mak TM, Lau SK, Anderson DE, Chan KS, Tan TY, Ng TY, Cui L, Said Z, Kurupatham L, Chen MI, Chan M, Vasoo S, Wang LF, Tan BH, Lin RTP, Lee VJM, Leo YS, Lye DC, Singapore Novel Coronavirus Outbreak Research T (2020) Epidemiologic features and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore. JAMA 323:1488–1494
doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3204
-
Yuan H, Krawczyk E, Blancato J, Albanese C, Zhou D, Wang N, Paul S, Alkhilaiwi F, Palechor-Ceron N, Dakic A, Fang S, Choudhary S, Hou TW, Zheng YL, Haddad BR, Usuda Y, Hartmann D, Symer D, Gillison M, Agarwal S, Wangsa D, Ried T, Liu X, Schlegel R (2017) HPV positive neuroendocrine cervical cancer cells are dependent on Myc but not E6/E7 viral oncogenes. Sci Rep 7:45617
doi: 10.1038/srep45617
-
Zhang Z, Bai Q, Chen Y, Ye L, Wu X, Long X, Ye L, Liu J, Li H (2018) Conditionally reprogrammed human normal bronchial epithelial cells express comparable levels of cytochromes p450 and are sensitive to BaP induction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 503:2132–2138
doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.001
-
Zhang C, Shi L, Wang FS (2020) Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:428–430
doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30057-1
-
Zhang H, Zhou P, Wei Y, Yue H, Wang Y, Hu M, Zhang S, Cao T, Yang C, Li M, Guo G, Chen X, Chen Y, Lei M, Liu H, Zhao J, Peng P, Wang CY, Du R (2020) Histopathologic changes and SARS-CoV-2 immunostaining in the Lung of a patient with COVID-19. Ann Intern Med 172:629–632
doi: 10.7326/M20-0533
-
Zhou C, Gao C, Xie Y, Xu M (2020) COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Lancet Infect Dis 20:510
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30156-0
-
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B (2020) Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 395:1054–1062
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
-
Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, Si HR, Zhu Y, Li B, Huang CL, Chen HD, Chen J, Luo Y, Guo H, Jiang RD, Liu MQ, Chen Y, Shen XR, Wang X, Zheng XS, Zhao K, Chen QJ, Deng F, Liu LL, Yan B, Zhan FX, Wang YY, Xiao GF, Shi ZL (2020c) A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 579:270–273
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
-
Zhu Y, Yang Y, Guo J, Dai Y, Ye L, Qiu J, Zeng Z, Wu X, Xing Y, Long X, Wu X, Ye L, Wang S, Li H (2017) Ex vivo 2D and 3D HSV-2 infection model using human normal vaginal epithelial cells. Oncotarget 8:15267–15282
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.14840
-
Zou L, Ruan F, Huang M, Liang L, Huang H, Hong Z, Yu J, Kang M, Song Y, Xia J, Guo Q, Song T, He J, Yen HL, Peiris M, Wu J (2020) SARS-CoV-2 Viral load in Upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. N Engl J Med 382:1177–1179
doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2001737
-
Zou X, Chen K, Zou J, Han P, Hao J, Han Z (2020) Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Front Med 14:185–192
doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0