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Volume 29 Issue 3
June 2014
    Citation: Mark Spear, Yuntao Wu. Viral exploitation of actin: force-generation and scaffolding functions in viral infection .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2014, 29(3) : 139-147.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-014-3476-0
    shu

    Viral exploitation of actin: force-generation and scaffolding functions in viral infection

    cstr: 32224.14.s12250-014-3476-0

    • National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Microbiology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA

    • Corresponding author: Yuntao Wu, ywu8@gmu.edu
    • Received Date: 20 May 2014
      Accepted Date: 30 May 2014
      Published Date: 06 June 2014
      Available online: 01 June 2014
    • As a fundamental component of the host cellular cytoskeleton, actin is routinely engaged by infecting viruses. Furthermore, viruses from diverse groups, and infecting diverse hosts, have convergently evolved an array of mechanisms for manipulating the actin cytoskeleton for efficacious infection. An ongoing chorus of research now indicates that the actin cytoskeleton is critical for viral replication at many stages of the viral life cycle, including binding, entry, nuclear localization, genomic transcription and reverse transcription, assembly, and egress/dissemination. Specifi cally, viruses subvert the force-generating and macromolecular scaffolding properties of the actin cytoskeleton to propel viral surfi ng, internalization, and migration within the cell. Additionally, viruses utilize the actin cytoskeleton to support and organize assembly sites, and eject budding virions for cell-to-cell transmission. It is the purpose of this review to provide an overview of current research, focusing on the various mechanisms and themes of virus-mediated actin modulation described therein.
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      Viral exploitation of actin: force-generation and scaffolding functions in viral infection

        Corresponding author: Yuntao Wu, ywu8@gmu.edu
      • National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Microbiology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
      • Received Date: 20 May 2014
      • Accepted Date: 30 May 2014
      • Published Date: 06 June 2014

      Abstract: As a fundamental component of the host cellular cytoskeleton, actin is routinely engaged by infecting viruses. Furthermore, viruses from diverse groups, and infecting diverse hosts, have convergently evolved an array of mechanisms for manipulating the actin cytoskeleton for efficacious infection. An ongoing chorus of research now indicates that the actin cytoskeleton is critical for viral replication at many stages of the viral life cycle, including binding, entry, nuclear localization, genomic transcription and reverse transcription, assembly, and egress/dissemination. Specifi cally, viruses subvert the force-generating and macromolecular scaffolding properties of the actin cytoskeleton to propel viral surfi ng, internalization, and migration within the cell. Additionally, viruses utilize the actin cytoskeleton to support and organize assembly sites, and eject budding virions for cell-to-cell transmission. It is the purpose of this review to provide an overview of current research, focusing on the various mechanisms and themes of virus-mediated actin modulation described therein.

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