Citation: Fan Shen, Chun Liang, Cui-Xian Yang, Ying Lu, An-Qi Li, Ying Duan, Mi Zhang, Ren-Rong Tian, Xing-Qi Dong, Yong-Tang Zheng, Wei Pang. SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections following inactivated vaccine vaccination induce few neutralizing antibodies against the currently emerging Omicron XBB variants .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 39(1) : 173-176.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2023.11.007

SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections following inactivated vaccine vaccination induce few neutralizing antibodies against the currently emerging Omicron XBB variants

  • Highlights
    1. Inactivated vaccine breakthrough infection with ancestral or Delta variant induced nearly undetectable nAbs against XBB variants.
    2. Inactivated vaccine breakthrough infection with Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 evoked very weak nAbs against XBB variants.
    3. BA.5 infection induced higher nAbs against XBB variants than BA.1 infection.

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  • 10.1016j.virs.2023.11.007-ESM.docx
    1. Arunachalam, P. S., Lai, L., Samaha, H., Feng, Y., Hu, M., Hui, H. S., Wali, B., Ellis, M., Davis-Gardner, M. E., Huerta, C., Bechnak, K., Bechnak, S., Lee, M., Litvack, M. B., Losada, C., Grifoni, A., Sette, A., Zarnitsyna, V. I., Rouphael, N., Suthar, M. S., Pulendran, B., 2023. Durability of immune responses to mRNA booster vaccination against COVID-19. J Clin Invest, 133, e167955.

    2. Devasundaram, S., Terpos, E., Rosati, M., Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, I., Bear, J., Burns, R., Skourti, S., Malandrakis, P., Trougakos, I. P., Dimopoulos, M. A., Pavlakis, G. N., Felber, B. K., 2023. XBB.1.5 neutralizing antibodies upon bivalent COVID-19 vaccination are similar to XBB but lower than BQ.1.1. Am J Hematol, 98, E123-E126.

    3. Hoffmann, M., Arora, P., Nehlmeier, I., Kempf, A., Cossmann, A., Schulz, S. R., Morillas Ramos, G., Manthey, L. A., Jäck, H. M., Behrens, G. M. N., Pöhlmann, S., 2023. Profound neutralization evasion and augmented host cell entry are hallmarks of the fast-spreading SARS-CoV-2 lineage XBB.1.5. Cell Mol Immunol, 20, 419-422.

    4. Kaku, Y., Kosugi, Y., Uriu, K., Ito, J., Hinay, A. A., Jr, Kuramochi, J., Sadamasu, K., Yoshimura, K., Asakura, H., Nagashima, M., Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium, Sato, K., 2023. Antiviral efficacy of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB breakthrough infection sera against omicron subvariants including EG.5. Lancet Infect Dis, 23, e395-e396.

    5. Ma, K. C., Shirk, P., Lambrou, A. S., Hassell, N., Zheng, X. Y., Payne, A. B., Ali, A. R., Batra, D., Caravas, J., Chau, R., Cook, P. W., Howard, D., Kovacs, N. A., Lacek, K. A., Lee, J. S., MacCannell, D. R., Malapati, L., Mathew, S., Mittal, N., Nagilla, R. R., Parikh, R., Paul, P., Rambo-Martin, B.L., Shepard, S.S., Sheth, M., Wentworth, D. E., Winn, A., Hall, A.J., Silk, B.J., Thornburg, N., Kondor, R., Scobie, HM., Paden, C. R., 2023. Genomic Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Circulation of Omicron Lineages - United States, January 2022-May 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 72, 651-656.

    6. Schmidt, F., Weisblum, Y., Muecksch, F., Hoffmann, H. H., Michailidis, E., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Mendoza, P., Rutkowska, M., Bednarski, E., Gaebler, C., Agudelo, M., Cho, A., Wang, Z., Gazumyan, A., Cipolla, M., Caskey, M., Robbiani, D. F., Nussenzweig, M. C., Rice, C. M., Hatziioannou, T., Bieniasz, P. D., 2020. Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses. J Exp Med, 217, e20201181.

    7. Shen, F., Yang, C. X., Lu, Y., Zhang, M., Tian, R. R., Dong, X. Q., Li, A. Q., Zheng, Y. T., Pang, W., 2023. Significant neutralizing escapes of Omicron and its sublineages in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccines. J Med Virol, 95, e28516.

    8. Wang, Q., Guo, Y., Zhang, R. M., Ho, J., Mohri, H., Valdez, R., Manthei, D. M., Gordon, A., Liu, L., Ho, D. D., 2023. Antibody neutralisation of emerging SARS-CoV-2 subvariants: EG.5.1 and XBC.1.6. Lancet Infect Dis, 23, e397-e398.

    9. Yue, C., Song, W., Wang, L., Jian, F., Chen, X., Gao, F., Shen, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Cao, Y., 2023. ACE2 binding and antibody evasion in enhanced transmissibility of XBB.1.5. Lancet Infect Dis, 23, 278-280.

    10. Zhang, L., Kempf, A., Nehlmeier, I., Cossmann, A., Dopfer-Jablonka, A., Stankov, M. V., Schulz, S. R., Jäck, H. M., Behrens, G. M. N., Pöhlmann, S., Hoffmann, M., 2023. Neutralisation sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3. Lancet Infect Dis, 23, e391-e392.

    11. Zhu, A., Wei, P., Man, M., Liu, X., Ji, T., Chen, J., Chen, C., Huo, J., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., 2023. Antigenic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants XBB.1.5, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BF.7 and BA.2.75.2. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 8, 125.

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    SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections following inactivated vaccine vaccination induce few neutralizing antibodies against the currently emerging Omicron XBB variants

      Corresponding author: Yong-Tang Zheng, zhengyt@mail.kiz.ac.cn
      Corresponding author: Wei Pang, pangw@mail.kiz.ac.cn
    • a. Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China;
    • b. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;
    • c. Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, 650399, China;
    • d. Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China

    Abstract: Highlights
    1. Inactivated vaccine breakthrough infection with ancestral or Delta variant induced nearly undetectable nAbs against XBB variants.
    2. Inactivated vaccine breakthrough infection with Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 evoked very weak nAbs against XBB variants.
    3. BA.5 infection induced higher nAbs against XBB variants than BA.1 infection.

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