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Volume 24 Issue 5
October 2009
    Citation: P. Burand John. The Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus, Hz-2V .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2009, 24(5) : 428-435.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-009-3046-z
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    The Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus, Hz-2V

    cstr: 32224.14.s12250-009-3046-z

    • Division of Entomology, Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts– Amherst, Amherst MA 01003, USA

    • Corresponding author: P. Burand John, jburand@microbio.umass.edu
    • Received Date: 31 January 2009
      Accepted Date: 29 April 2009
      Available online: 01 October 2009

      Fund Project: the Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences MAS00909

    • Hz-2V is one of only a very few sexually transmitted viruses currently known in insects. Replication of this insect pathogenic virus results in sterility of infected moths rather than mortality. The sterility of the infected host is a consequence of virus directed malformation of adult reproductive tissues, which in females results in cellular proliferation and hypertrophy of these tissues. Virus replication has additional ramifications in infected females. Infected females produce more mating pheromones and attract more mates than healthy females, ultimately facilitating virus transmission and enhancing viral fitness. The molecular mechanisms used by the virus to manipulate the host to enhance its fitness are yet to be determined. Unraveling the underlying principles of these mechanisms promises to enhance our understanding of insect reproductive physiology, as well as provide molecular tools for use in novel approaches in sterile insect control programs.
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      1. Burand J P, Lu H. 1997. Replication of a gonad specific insect virus in TN-368 cells in culture.J Inveterbr Pathol, 70: 88-95.
          doi: 10.1006/jipa.1997.4676

      2. Burand J P. Tan W. 2006. Mate preference and mating behavior of male Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moths infected with the sexually transmitted insect virus Hz-2V. Annals ESA, 99: 967-973.

      3. Burand J P, Rallis C P, Tan W. 2004. Horizontal transmission of Hz-2V by virus infected Helicoverpa zea moths. J Invertebr Pathol, 85: 128-131.
          doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2004.01.004

      4. Burand J P, Tan W, Kim W, et al. 2005. Altered Mating Behavior and Pheromone Production in Female Helicoverpa zea Moths Infected with the Insect Virus Hz-2V. J Insect Science, 5: 6.

      5. Granados R R, Nguyen T, Cato B. 1978. An insect cell line persistently infected with a baculovirus-like particle. Intervirology, 10: 309-317
          doi: 10.1159/000148993

      6. Hamm J J, Carpenter J E, Styer E L. 1996. Effect of oviposition day on incidence of agonadal progeny of Helicoverpa zea infected with a virus. Annals of the ESA, 89: 266-275.

      7. Herzog G A, Phillips J R. 1982, Manifestation of an abnormal reproductive system in a laboratory strain of the bollworm Heliothis zea, J Ga Entomol Soc, 17: 506-513

      8. Kingan T G, Bodnar W M, Raina A K, et al. 1995. The loss of female sex pheromone after mating in the corn earworm woth Helicoverpa zea: Identification of a male pheromonostatic peptide. PNAS, 92: 5082-5086.
          doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.11.5082

      9. Kingan T G, Thomas-Laemont P A, Raina A K. 1993. Male accessory gland factors elicit change from 'virgin' to 'mated' behaviour in the female corn earworm moth Helicoverpa zea. J Exp Biol, 183: 61-76.

      10. Orr A G. 1995. The evolution of the sphragis in the Papilionidae and other butterflies. In: Swallowtail Butter-flies: Their Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Scriber J M, Tsubaki Y, Lederhouse R C, Eds. ), Gainsville: Scientific Publishers, FL, p155-164.

      11. Raina A K, Adams J R. 1995. Gonad-specific virus of corn earworm. Nature, 374: 770.
          doi: 10.1038/374770a0

      12. Raina A K, Kingan T G, Giebltowicz J M. 1994. Mating-induced loss of sex pheromone and sexual recep-tivity in insects with emphasis on Helicoverpa zea and Lymantria dispar. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol, 25: 317-327.
          doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6327

      13. Rallis C P, Burand J P. 2002. Pathology and ultrastruc-ture of the insect virus, Hz-2V, infecting agonadal female corn earworms, Helicoverpa zea. J Invertebr Pathol, 81: 33-44.
          doi: 10.1016/S0022-2011(02)00113-1

      14. Rallis C P, Burand J P. 2002. Pathology and ultrastruc-ture of the insect virus, Hz-2V, infecting agonadal male corn earworms, Helicoverpa zea. J Invertebr Pathol, 80: 81-89.
          doi: 10.1016/S0022-2011(02)00102-7

      15. Wang Y, Burand J P, Jehle J A. 2007. Nudivirus genomics: diversity and classification. Virologica Sinica, 22: 128-136.
          doi: 10.1007/s12250-007-0014-3

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      The Sexually Transmitted Insect Virus, Hz-2V

        Corresponding author: P. Burand John, jburand@microbio.umass.edu
      • Division of Entomology, Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, University of Massachusetts– Amherst, Amherst MA 01003, USA
      • Received Date: 31 January 2009
      • Accepted Date: 29 April 2009
      Fund Project:  the Cooperative State Research Extension, Education Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences MAS00909

      Abstract: Hz-2V is one of only a very few sexually transmitted viruses currently known in insects. Replication of this insect pathogenic virus results in sterility of infected moths rather than mortality. The sterility of the infected host is a consequence of virus directed malformation of adult reproductive tissues, which in females results in cellular proliferation and hypertrophy of these tissues. Virus replication has additional ramifications in infected females. Infected females produce more mating pheromones and attract more mates than healthy females, ultimately facilitating virus transmission and enhancing viral fitness. The molecular mechanisms used by the virus to manipulate the host to enhance its fitness are yet to be determined. Unraveling the underlying principles of these mechanisms promises to enhance our understanding of insect reproductive physiology, as well as provide molecular tools for use in novel approaches in sterile insect control programs.

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