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Volume 26 Issue 2
April 2011
    Citation: Jun Chen, Xiu Liang, Pei-fu Chen. Canine Distemper Virus Utilizes Different Receptors to Infect Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Vero cells* .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2011, 26(2) : 139-145.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-011-3176-3
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    Canine Distemper Virus Utilizes Different Receptors to Infect Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Vero cells*

    • College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

    • Corresponding author: Pei-fu Chen, cltwins2003@sina.com
    • Received Date: 05 December 2010
      Accepted Date: 15 February 2011
      Available online: 01 April 2011

      Fund Project: Yunnan Provincial Education Board 08C0070Yunnan Provincial Program for Introducing High-level Scientists 2009CI125

    • Inducing animal viruses to adapt to chicken embryos or chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) is a common method to develop attenuated live vaccines with full security. Canine distemper virus (CDV) also does this, but the mechanisms and particular receptors remain unclear. Virus overlay protein blot assays were carried out on CEF membrane proteins, which were extracted respectively with a Mem-PERTM kit, a radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer or a modified co-immunoprecipitation method, and revealed a common 57 kDa positive band that differed from the 42-kDa positive band in Vero cells and also from those receptors reported in lymphocytes and 293 cells, indicating a receptor diversity of CDV and the possibility of the 57-kDa protein acting as a receptor that is involved in adaptive infection of CDV Kunming strain to CEF.
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      1. Escoffier C, Gerlier D. 1999. Infection of chicken embryonic fibroblasts by measles virus: adaptation at the virus entry level. J Virol, 73 (6): 5220-5224.

      2. Fujita K, Miura R, Yoneda M, et al. 2007. Host range and receptor utilization of canine distemper virus analyzed by recombinant viruses: Involvement of heparin-like molecule in CDV infection. Virology, 359 (2): 324-335.
          doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2006.09.018

      3. Guo A Z, Lu C P. 2000. Identification of canine distemper virus receptor in cell lines. Chin J Virol, 16 (2): 155-157. (in Chinese)

      4. Hirayama N, Senda M, Nakashima N, et al.1991. Protective effects of monoclonal antibodies against lethal canine distemper virus infection in mice. J Gen Virol, 72 (11): 27-30.

      5. Li H F, Chen J, Chen P F, et al. 2010. Biological characteristics of canine distemper virus isolated in Kunming. Chin Vet Sci, 40 (1): 15-23. (in Chinese)

      6. Schmid E, Zurbriggen A, Gassen U, et al.2000. Antibodies to CD9, a tetraspan transmembrane protein, inhibit canine distemper virus-induced cell-cell fusion but not virus-cell fusion. J Virol, 74 (16): 7554-7561.
          doi: 10.1128/JVI.74.16.7554-7561.2000

      7. Seki F, Ono N, Yamaguchi R, et al.2003. Efficient isolation of wild strains of canine distemper virus in Vero cells expressing canine SLAM (CD150) and their adaptability to marmoset B95a cells. J Virol, 77 (18): 9943-9950.
          doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.18.9943-9950.2003

      8. Singethan K, Topfstedt E, Schubert S, et al. 2006. CD9-dependent regulation of Canine distemper virus-induced cell-cell fusion segregates with the extracellular domain of the haemagglutinin. J Gen Virol, 87 (6): 1635-1642.
          doi: 10.1099/vir.0.81629-0

      9. Sun Z, Li A, Ye H, et al. 2010. Natural infection with canine distemper virus in hand-feeding Rhesus monkeys in China. Vet Microbiol, 141 (3-4): 374-378.
          doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.09.024

      10. Takemae N, Ruttanapumma R, Parchariyanon S, et al.2010. Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the H1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs. J Gen Virol, 91 (4): 938-948.
          doi: 10.1099/vir.0.016691-0

      11. Tatsuo H, Yanagi Y. 2002. The morbillivirus receptor SLAM (CD150). Microbiol Immunol, 46 (3): 135-142.
          doi: 10.1111/mim.2002.46.issue-3

      12. Yanagi Y, Ono N, Tatsuo H, et al. 2002. Measles virus receptor SLAM (CD150). Virology, 299 (2): 155-161.
          doi: 10.1006/viro.2002.1471

      13. Yoshikawa Y, Ochikubo F, Matsubara Y, et al.1989. Natural infection with canine distemper virus in a Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). Vet Microbiol, 20 (3): 193-205.
          doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(89)90043-6

      14. Zipperle L, Langedijk J P, Orvell C, et al. 2010. Identification of key residues in virulent canine distemper virus hemagglutinin that control CD150/SLAM-binding activity. J Virol, 84 (18): 9618-9624.
          doi: 10.1128/JVI.01077-10

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      Canine Distemper Virus Utilizes Different Receptors to Infect Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts and Vero cells*

        Corresponding author: Pei-fu Chen, cltwins2003@sina.com
      • College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
      • Received Date: 05 December 2010
      • Accepted Date: 15 February 2011
      Fund Project:  Yunnan Provincial Education Board 08C0070Yunnan Provincial Program for Introducing High-level Scientists 2009CI125

      Abstract: Inducing animal viruses to adapt to chicken embryos or chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) is a common method to develop attenuated live vaccines with full security. Canine distemper virus (CDV) also does this, but the mechanisms and particular receptors remain unclear. Virus overlay protein blot assays were carried out on CEF membrane proteins, which were extracted respectively with a Mem-PERTM kit, a radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer or a modified co-immunoprecipitation method, and revealed a common 57 kDa positive band that differed from the 42-kDa positive band in Vero cells and also from those receptors reported in lymphocytes and 293 cells, indicating a receptor diversity of CDV and the possibility of the 57-kDa protein acting as a receptor that is involved in adaptive infection of CDV Kunming strain to CEF.

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