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Volume 34 Issue 2
April 2019
    Citation: Zhenxing Gao, Min Peng, Liang Chen, Xiaowen Yang, Huan Li, Run Shi, Guiru Wu, Lili Cai, Qibin Song, Chaoyang Li. Prion Protein Protects Cancer Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced Apoptosis .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 34(2) : 222-234.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-019-00107-2
    shu

    Prion Protein Protects Cancer Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced Apoptosis

    cstr: 32224.14.s12250-019-00107-2
    • 1.

      State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China

    • 2.

      Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China

    • 3.

      Department of the First Abdominal Surgery, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China

    • Zhenxing Gao and Min Peng have contributed equal to this work.
      Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article ((https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-019-00107-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
    • Received Date: 09 November 2018
      Accepted Date: 28 February 2019
      Published Date: 24 April 2019
      Available online: 01 April 2019
    • Unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive reaction for cells to reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In many types of cancers, such as lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, cancer cells may harness ER stress to facilitate their survival and growth. Prion protein (PrP) is a glycosylated cell surface protein that has been shown to be up-regulated in many cancer cells. Since PrP is a protein prone to misfolding, ER stress can result in under-glycosylated PrP, which in turn may activate ER stress. To assess whether ER stress leads to the production of under-glycosylated PrP and whether underglycosylated PrP may contribute to ER stress thus leading to cancer cell apoptosis, we treated different cancer cells with brefeldin A (BFA), thapsigargin (Thps), and tunicamycin (TM). We found that although BFA, Thps, and TM treatment activated UPR, only ATF4 was consistently activated by these reagents, but not other branches of ER stress. However, the canonical PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 did not account for the observed activation of ATF4 in lung cancer cells. In addition, BFA, but neither Thps nor TM, significantly stimulated the expression of cytosolic PrP. Finally, we found that the levels of PrP contributed to anti-apoptosis activity of BFA-induced cancer cell death. Thus, the pathway of BFA-induced persistent ER stress may be targeted for lung and pancreatic cancer treatment.
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      Prion Protein Protects Cancer Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced Apoptosis

      • 1. State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
      • 2. Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
      • 3. Department of the First Abdominal Surgery, Jiangxi Tumor Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
      • Received Date: 09 November 2018
      • Accepted Date: 28 February 2019
      • Published Date: 24 April 2019

      Abstract: Unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive reaction for cells to reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In many types of cancers, such as lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, cancer cells may harness ER stress to facilitate their survival and growth. Prion protein (PrP) is a glycosylated cell surface protein that has been shown to be up-regulated in many cancer cells. Since PrP is a protein prone to misfolding, ER stress can result in under-glycosylated PrP, which in turn may activate ER stress. To assess whether ER stress leads to the production of under-glycosylated PrP and whether underglycosylated PrP may contribute to ER stress thus leading to cancer cell apoptosis, we treated different cancer cells with brefeldin A (BFA), thapsigargin (Thps), and tunicamycin (TM). We found that although BFA, Thps, and TM treatment activated UPR, only ATF4 was consistently activated by these reagents, but not other branches of ER stress. However, the canonical PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 did not account for the observed activation of ATF4 in lung cancer cells. In addition, BFA, but neither Thps nor TM, significantly stimulated the expression of cytosolic PrP. Finally, we found that the levels of PrP contributed to anti-apoptosis activity of BFA-induced cancer cell death. Thus, the pathway of BFA-induced persistent ER stress may be targeted for lung and pancreatic cancer treatment.

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