Citation: Renjie Sun, Xiaoxiao Feng, Jing Huang, Fangyu Zheng, Ronghui Xie, Chuanliang Zhang, Hongli Zhang, Yin Xue, Aijun Liu, Xiaobing Huang, Lin Yuan, Lingyan Zhao. Characterization of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in wild birds, East China, 2024 .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 40(2) : 284-287.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2025.01.002

Characterization of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in wild birds, East China, 2024

  • Corresponding author: Lingyan Zhao, zhaoly96@163.com
  • Received Date: 12 August 2024
    Accepted Date: 17 January 2025
    Available online: 21 January 2025
  • Highlights
    1. We reported a novel H5N6 HPAIV belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds in eastern China.
    2. The novel H5N6 HPAIV most likely descended from clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus in Japan.
    3. The novel H5N6 HPAIV evolved from reassortment with H5 HPAIVs and other LPAIVs from wild birds.

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    1. Bi, Y., Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Chen, J., Jin, T., Wong, G., Quan, C., Liu, J., Wu, J., Yin, R. et al., 2016. Genesis, evolution and prevalence of H5N6 avian influenza viruses in China. Cell Host Microbe 20, 810-821.

    2. Burrough, E.R., Magstadt, D.R., Petersen, B., Timmermans, S.J., Gauger, P.C., Zhang, J., Siepker, C., Mainenti, M., Li, G., Thompson, A.C., Gorden, P.J., Plummer, P.J.,Main, R., 2024. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Domestic Dairy Cattle and Cats, United States, 2024. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 30, 1335-1343.

    3. Cho, A.Y., Si, Y.J., Kim, D.J., Seo, Y.R., Lee, D.Y., Kim, D., Lee, D., Son, Y., Jeong, H., Song, C.S.,Lee, D.H., 2024. Novel avian influenza A(H5N6) virus in wild birds, South Korea, 2023. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 30, 1285-1288.

    4. Cui, Y., Li, Y., Li, M., Zhao, L., Wang, D., Tian, J., Bai, X., Ci, Y., Wu, S., Wang, F. et al., 2020. Evolution and extensive reassortment of H5 influenza viruses isolated from wild birds in China over the past decade. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 9, 1793-1803.

    5. Fan, Z., Ci, Y., Liu, L., Ma, Y., Jia, Y., Wang, D., Guan, Y., Tian, G., Ma, J., Li, Y.,Chen, H., 2015. Phylogenetic and pathogenic analyses of three H5N1 avian influenza viruses (clade 2.3.2.1) isolated from wild birds in Northeast China. Infect. Genet. Evol. 29, 138-145.

    6. Graziosi, G., Lupini, C., Catelli, E.,Carnaccini, S., 2024. Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 Clade 2.3.4.4b virus infection in birds and mammals. Animals (Basel), 14, 1372.

    7. Gu, W., Shi, J., Cui, P., Yan, C., Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Zhang, Y., Xing, X., Zeng, X., Liu, L., Tian, G., Suzuki, Y., Li, C., Deng, G.,Chen, H., 2022. Novel H5N6 reassortants bearing the clade 2.3.4.4b HA gene of H5N8 virus have been detected in poultry and caused multiple human infections in China. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 11, 1174-1185.

    8. Lee, D.H., Bertran, K., Kwon, J.H.,Swayne, D.E., 2017. Evolution, global spread, and pathogenicity of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4. J. Vet. Sci. 18, 269-280.

    9. Lee, K., Yeom, M., Vu, T.T.H., Do, H.Q., Na, W., Lee, M., Jeong, D.G., Cheon, D.S.,Song, D., 2024. Characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated from cats in South Korea, 2023. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 13, 2290835.

    10. Li, Y., Shi, J., Zhong, G., Deng, G., Tian, G., Ge, J., Zeng, X., Song, J., Zhao, D., Liu, L., Jiang, Y., Guan, Y., Bu, Z.,Chen, H., 2010. Continued evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in wild birds, domestic poultry, and humans in China from 2004 to 2009. J. Virol. 84, 8389-8397.

    11. Lycett, S.J., Duchatel, F., Digard, P., 2019. A brief history of bird flu. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 374, 20180257.

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    Characterization of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N6) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in wild birds, East China, 2024

      Corresponding author: Lingyan Zhao, zhaoly96@163.com
    • a. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 311199, China;
    • b. Beijing Sino-science Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, China

    Abstract: Highlights
    1. We reported a novel H5N6 HPAIV belonging to clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds in eastern China.
    2. The novel H5N6 HPAIV most likely descended from clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 virus in Japan.
    3. The novel H5N6 HPAIV evolved from reassortment with H5 HPAIVs and other LPAIVs from wild birds.

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