Recent advances in the study of active endogenous retrovirus envelope glycoproteins in the mammalian placenta

Yufei Zhang; Jing Shi; Shuying Liu

doi:10.1007/s12250-015-3617-0

August 2015

Yufei Zhang, Jing Shi and Shuying Liu. Recent advances in the study of active endogenous retrovirus envelope glycoproteins in the mammalian placenta[J]. Virologica Sinica, 2015, 30(4): 239-248. doi: 10.1007/s12250-015-3617-0

Citation: Yufei Zhang, Jing Shi, Shuying Liu. Recent advances in the study of active endogenous retrovirus envelope glycoproteins in the mammalian placenta .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2015, 30(4) : 239-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12250-015-3617-0

在哺乳动物胎盘内活跃的内源性逆转录病毒囊膜蛋白

内蒙古农业大学兽医学院，呼和浩特 010018,中国

通讯作者： 刘淑英*, liushuying_imau@126.com
Yufei Zhang, ORCID: 0000-0002-8025-6705
收稿日期： 2015-06-26
录用日期： 2015-08-14
出版日期： 2015-08-18

摘要

内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）是脊椎动物基因组的一个组成部分，来源于感染外源性逆转录病毒的宿主的生殖细胞。 ERVs已经与其宿主共同进化了数百万年。内源性逆转录病毒囊膜糖蛋白经常在哺乳动物的胎盘内表达，其潜在功能已经引起了科学家们广泛的兴趣，其中包括对母体生理作用的调控以受益于胎儿。在大多数的哺乳动物中，胎盘滋养层细胞融合是一个重要的生理过程，它涉及到多核合体层的形成，以便满足胎儿与母体之间必要的物质交换。在此过程中起关键作用的是内源性逆转录病毒来源的囊膜蛋白，即合胞体蛋白，具有促进细胞膜融合的特性和胎盘特异性表达的特点。本文综述了公认的内源性逆转录病毒包膜糖蛋白在哺乳动物胎盘中的重要作用，同时详细探讨了绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒有关的内源性逆转录病毒在绵羊孕体发育过程中可能的生物学功能和作用。
- 囊膜蛋白
- , 内源性逆转录病毒
- , 胎盘
- , 绵羊肺腺瘤病毒

Recent advances in the study of active endogenous retrovirus envelope glycoproteins in the mammalian placenta

College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Corresponding author: Shuying Liu, liushuying_imau@126.com
ORCID: 0000-0002-8025-6705;
Received Date: 26 June 2015
Accepted Date: 14 August 2015
Published Date: 18 August 2015

Abstract

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are a component of the vertebrate genome and originate from exogenous infections of retroviruses in the germline of the host. ERVs have coevolved with their hosts over millions of years. Envelope glycoproteins of endogenous retroviruses are often expressed in the mammalian placenta, and their potential function has aroused considerable research interest, including the manipulation of maternal physiology to benefit the fetus. In most mammalian species, trophoblast fusion in the placenta is an important event, involving the formation of a multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer to fulfill essential fetomaternal exchange functions. The key function in this process derives from the envelope genes of endogenous retroviruses, namely syncytins, which show fusogenic properties and placenta-specific expression. This review discusses the important role of the recognized endogenous retrovirus envelope glycoproteins in the mammalian placenta.
- envelope glycoprotein
- , endogenous retrovirus
- , placenta
- , syncytin

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