Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024

Yongchun Yang; Han Liu; Yaling Li; Lin Liu; Tiantian Chen; Jiahao Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2026.03.005

April 2026

. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2026.03.005

Citation: Yongchun Yang, Han Liu, Yaling Li, Lin Liu, Tiantian Chen, Jiahao Zhang. Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024 .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 41(2) : 466-469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2026.03.005

2024年浙江环志野鸟H4N6新毒株：分离鉴定及其跨物种感染潜力分析

杨永春 ^a,, ,
刘寒 ^a ,
李亚玲 ^a ,
刘琳 ^a ,
陈天天 ^a ,
张家豪 ^b

a 浙江农林大学动物医学院;
b 华南农业大学兽医学院

通讯作者： 杨永春, yyc@zafu.edu.cn;
收稿日期： 2025-04-30
录用日期： 2026-03-11

摘要

野生鸟类作为禽流感病毒的自然宿主，在其生态循环与跨物种传播中扮演关键角色。尤其是在野鸟与家禽的交界面区域，为病毒跨物种传播和基因重配创造了条件。2024年5月，在针对环志野鸟的疫源疫病常规监测中，研究团队从一只在浙江省境内环志的红颈滨鹬（Calidris ruficollis）拭子样本中分离到一株新型H4N6亚型禽流感病毒。序列分析显示，该病毒虽不具备多碱基裂解位点，但接种鸡胚后可引起胚胎发育延迟与全身性出血。贝叶斯系统发育分析表明，该病毒为一新发重组毒株，其基因片段来源于野生鸟类和家禽群体。进一步分子特征与表型分析显示，该病毒具有双重受体结合特性，可同时识别禽型和哺乳型受体；并能够在多种禽类及哺乳动物细胞系（包括牛乳腺上皮细胞 MAC-T）中高效复制；在小鼠模型上显示出一定的致病性，经滴鼻感染后可导致显著的体重下降及上下呼吸道感染。对分离点附近鸡场开展的血清学调查显示，血凝抑制试验与微中和试验检测的H4抗体阳性率分别超过76%和78%。综上所述，本研究表明该H4N6病毒具有持续进化与跨物种传播的潜力，或对家禽业及公共卫生构成潜在威胁。因此，应加强对H4亚型禽流感病毒的主动监测，并深入探究其遗传多样性、生态驱动因素及潜在的人兽共患风险。
- 禽流感病毒
- , H4N6亚型
- , 野鸟
- , 哺乳动物适应性

Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024

a. Key Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology on Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Veterinary Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory for One Health and Food Safety, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
b. College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Corresponding author: Yongchun Yang, yyc@zafu.edu.cn
Received Date: 30 April 2025
Accepted Date: 11 March 2026

Abstract

Highlights
1. The H4N6/G030 strain, a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus (AIV), was isolated from a red-necked stint.
2. The H4N6/G030 is a novel cross-species reassortant derived from wild bird and poultry AIV lineages.
3. The H4N6/G030 binds avian and mammalian-type sialic acid receptors, replicates in their cells, and causes disease in animals.
4. High seroprevalence of H4N6 was observed on surveyed poultry farms nearby.

References
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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024

Corresponding author: Yongchun Yang, yyc@zafu.edu.cn

a. Key Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology on Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Veterinary Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory for One Health and Food Safety, China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China;

b. College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received Date: 30 April 2025

Accepted Date: 11 March 2026

Abstract: Highlights
1. The H4N6/G030 strain, a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus (AIV), was isolated from a red-necked stint.
2. The H4N6/G030 is a novel cross-species reassortant derived from wild bird and poultry AIV lineages.
3. The H4N6/G030 binds avian and mammalian-type sialic acid receptors, replicates in their cells, and causes disease in animals.
4. High seroprevalence of H4N6 was observed on surveyed poultry farms nearby.

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2024年浙江环志野鸟H4N6新毒株：分离鉴定及其跨物种感染潜力分析

摘要

Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024

Abstract

References

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com