A fatal human case of co-infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus

Liyan Fu; Hongzhi Xu; Ying Peng; Chenxuan Li; Jun Ni; Yanfang Zhang; Xijia Liu; Jie Fu; Zhengyuan Su; Jin Qian; Jiayin Jin; Jinfeng Xiong; Qi Chen; Xuhua Guan; Shuang Tang; Fei Deng; Dan Liu; Shu Shen; Banghua Chen; Xiaoli Wu

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2026.08.013

October 2026

. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2026.08.013

Citation: Liyan Fu, Hongzhi Xu, Ying Peng, Chenxuan Li, Jun Ni, Yanfang Zhang, Xijia Liu, Jie Fu, Zhengyuan Su, Jin Qian, Jiayin Jin, Jinfeng Xiong, Qi Chen, Xuhua Guan, Shuang Tang, Fei Deng, Dan Liu, Shu Shen, Banghua Chen, Xiaoli Wu. A fatal human case of co-infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 41(5) : 1243-1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2026.08.013

一例严重发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒与内罗毕绵羊病病毒混合感染的致命人类病例

付丽艳 ^a,b ,
徐洪智 ^c ,
彭英 ^c ,
李晨瑄 ^b ,
倪军 ^b,e,f ,
张艳芳 ^b ,
刘希佳 ^b ,
付杰 ^b ,
苏正元 ^b ,
钱进 ^b ,
靳佳音 ^b ,
熊进峰 ^d ,
陈琦 ^d ,
官旭华 ^d ,
唐霜 ^b ,
邓菲 ^b ,
刘丹 ^a,, ,
沈姝 ^b,, ,
陈邦华 ^c,, ,
吴晓丽 ^b,,

a. 武汉科技大学脑科学与先进技术研究院;
b. 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所, 高致病性病毒与生物安全全国重点实验室, 国家病毒资源库;
c. 武汉市疾病预防控制中心;
d湖北省疾病预防控制中心;
e. 重庆医科大学公共卫生学院;
f. 重庆市疾病预防控制中心, 重庆市预防医学科学院

通讯作者： 刘丹, liudan125@wust.edu.cn; 沈姝, shenshu@wh.iov.cn; 陈邦华, chenbanghua@163.com; 吴晓丽, wxl@wh.iov.cn
收稿日期： 2026-03-19
录用日期： 2026-08-21

摘要

严重发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒（SFTSV）是一种蜱媒病毒，已在东亚地区成为严重的公共卫生威胁，并可能引发大规模疫情。此前报道的SFTSV与立克次氏体属（Rickettsia spp.）的混合感染，显著增加了临床诊断的复杂性。在本报告中，我们在中国中部发现了一例致命病例，该患者临床诊断为SFTS，随后经确认患有SFTSV与内罗毕绵羊病病毒（NSDV）的急性混合感染。一名81岁女性患者出现腹泻、呕吐、发热及意识障碍，经11天的临床病程后不治身亡。实验室检查显示了SFTS的非典型特征，包括中性粒细胞计数升高（7.55×10⁹/L）和降钙素原水平升高（1.45 ng/mL）。血清检测结果显示SFTSV RNA、NSDV RNA及NSDV IgM抗体呈阳性，高通量测序获得了两种病毒的基因组序列。本病例是首例经证实的NSDV人类感染病例，并记录了与SFTSV的混合感染，揭示了蜱媒病毒传播的复杂性及其相关的公共卫生风险。越来越多的流行病学、病毒学和血清学证据表明，NSDV是一种能够导致人类致命疾病的新发人畜共患病原体。本例SFTSV-NSDV混合感染病例表明，该病毒与其他蜱媒病毒可能同时流行，突显了在临床和监测环境中进行多病原体筛查的必要性。尽管该发现源于中国中部的监测工作，但其对所有分布有长角血蜱的地区都具有更广泛的意义。
- 严重发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒
- , 内罗毕绵羊病病毒
- , 混合感染
- , 系统发育分析

A fatal human case of co-infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus and Nairobi sheep disease virus

Liyan Fu ^a,b ,
Hongzhi Xu ^c ,
Ying Peng ^c ,
Chenxuan Li ^b ,
Jun Ni ^b,e,f ,
Yanfang Zhang ^b ,
Xijia Liu ^b ,
Jie Fu ^b ,
Zhengyuan Su ^b ,
Jin Qian ^b ,
Jiayin Jin ^b ,
Jinfeng Xiong ^d ,
Qi Chen ^d ,
Xuhua Guan ^d ,
Shuang Tang ^b ,
Fei Deng ^b ,
Dan Liu ^a,, ,
Shu Shen ^b,, ,
Banghua Chen ^c,, ,
Xiaoli Wu ^b,,

a. Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China;
b. State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
c. Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430021, China;
d. Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China;
e. College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China;
f. Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine, Chongqing 400707, China

Corresponding author: Dan Liu, liudan125@wust.edu.cn Shu Shen, shenshu@wh.iov.cn Banghua Chen, chenbanghua@163.com Xiaoli Wu, wxl@wh.iov.cn
Received Date: 19 March 2026
Accepted Date: 21 August 2026

Abstract

Highlights
1 First fatal human co-infection with SFTSV and NSDV.
2 First confirmed natural human NSDV infection in China.
3 Haemaphysalis longicornis is a potential vector for SFTSV and NSDV.

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Electronic Supplementary Material

10.1016j.virs.2026.08.013-ESM.docx