Development and immunoprotection assessment of novel vaccines for avian infectious bronchitis virus

Benli Huang; Sheng Chen; Zhanxin Wang; Keyu Feng; Yutao Teng; Ruoying Li; Guanming Shao; Jiaqian Rao; Xinheng Zhang; Qingmei Xie

doi:10.1016/j.virs.2025.03.008

June 2025

. doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.03.008

Citation: Benli Huang, Sheng Chen, Zhanxin Wang, Keyu Feng, Yutao Teng, Ruoying Li, Guanming Shao, Jiaqian Rao, Xinheng Zhang, Qingmei Xie. Development and immunoprotection assessment of novel vaccines for avian infectious bronchitis virus .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 40(3) : 462-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2025.03.008

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的新型疫苗研制及免疫保护效果评估

皇本丽 ^a,b,c,d ,
陈胜 ^a,b,c,d ,
王占新 ^e ,
封柯宇 ^a,b,c,d ,
滕禹陶 ^a,b,c,d ,
李若莹 ^a,b,c,d ,
邵冠明 ^a,b,c,d ,
饶嘉乾 ^a,b,c,d ,
张新珩 ^a,b,c,d,, ,
谢青梅 ^a,b,c,d,,

a. 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心;
b. 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广东省农业动物基因组学与分子育种重点实验室;
c. 广东省动物病毒载体疫苗工程技术研究中心;
d. 华南农业大学中山创新中心;
e. 广东温氏食品集团股份有限公司

通讯作者： 张新珩, xhzhang@scau.edu.cn; 谢青梅, qmx@scau.edu.cn
收稿日期： 2024-05-20
录用日期： 2025-03-20

摘要

鸡传染性支气管炎（Infectious Bronchitis ，IB）是一种急性、高度接触传染性的呼吸道疾病。对家禽生产构成重大威胁。其病原传染性支气管炎病毒（Infectious Bronchitis Virus ，IBV）的高突变性，导致现有疫苗的交叉保护有限，开发出一款新型有效的疫苗来改变这个现状是很有必要的。本研究在前期研究和调查的基础上，挑选了6株流行株作为开发疫苗的潜在毒株（PYG QX1、ZQF QX2、FQH QX3、LYZ QX4、XXX QX5和CSL毒株）。本研究前期的致病性试验和血清交叉中和试验表明，FQH QX3株致病性最弱，血清中和谱最广，而CSL株致病性最强，且难以被疫苗血清中和，防控难度最大。随后，我们成功构建并拯救了重组疫苗候选株H120-FQH QX3和H120-CSL，分别表达FQH QX3和CSL株的S1蛋白、N蛋白。免疫保护实验表明，H120-CSL重组疫苗候选株免疫保护效果最好，具有作为重组疫苗进一步研究和评估的潜力。CSL株的S1和N基因表现出较强的免疫原性，是未来重组疫苗开发的潜在候选抗原基因。
- 传染性支气管炎病毒
- , 重组疫苗
- , 血清交叉中和
- , 抗原基因
- , 免疫保护

Development and immunoprotection assessment of novel vaccines for avian infectious bronchitis virus

Benli Huang ^a,b,c,d ,
Sheng Chen ^a,b,c,d ,
Zhanxin Wang ^e ,
Keyu Feng ^a,b,c,d ,
Yutao Teng ^a,b,c,d ,
Ruoying Li ^a,b,c,d ,
Guanming Shao ^a,b,c,d ,
Jiaqian Rao ^a,b,c,d ,
Xinheng Zhang ^a,b,c,d,, ,
Qingmei Xie ^a,b,c,d,,

a. State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry & Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China;
b. Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China;
c. Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Vector Vaccine of Animal Virus, Guangzhou, 510642, China;
d. Zhongshan Innovation Center of South China Agricultural University, Zhongshan, 528400, China;
e. Wens Foodstuff Group. CO., LTD, Guangdong, Yunfu, 527400, China

Corresponding author: Xinheng Zhang, xhzhang@scau.edu.cn Qingmei Xie, qmx@scau.edu.cn
Received Date: 20 May 2024
Accepted Date: 20 March 2025

Abstract

Infectious bronchitis (IB), a highly contagious acute respiratory disease affecting avian species, poses significant challenges to poultry production. The causative agent, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), exhibits a high mutation rate, leading to limited cross-protection by existing vaccines. This necessitates the development of novel vaccines. This study, based on preliminary investigations conducted by our research team, identified six potential strains (PYG QX1, ZQF QX2, FQH QX3, LYZ QX4, XXX QX5, and CSL strains) for vaccine development. Previous pathogenicity test and serum cross-neutralization experiments conducted in this study have demonstrated that the FQH QX3 strain exhibited the weakest pathogenicity and the broadest spectrum of serum neutralization, while the CSL strain showed the highest pathogenicity and was the most challenging to neutralize, posing the greatest difficulty in prevention and control. Subsequently, we constructed and rescued recombinant vaccine candidates, H120-FQH QX3, and H120-CSL, expressing the S1 and N proteins of the FQH QX3 and CSL strains, respectively. Immunization protection experiments indicated that the H120-CSL recombinant vaccine candidate exhibited the most effective immune protection, making it a promising candidate for further study and evaluation as a recombinant vaccine. The S1 and N genes of the CSL strain demonstrated strong immunogenicity, making them potential candidate antigen genes for future vaccine development.
- Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)
- , Recombinant vaccine
- , Serum cross-neutralization
- , Antigen gene
- , Immunoprotection

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